Ultrasound guided pediatric caudal dose: a two-center randomized controlled trial.

Background: The drug volume to be used in caudal in pediatric patients has remained an unmet issue since long. We determined the minimum drug volume required to reach T10 level in pediatric patients using ultrasonography and compared it with the already established volume by Armitage formula.

Aim: To determine the minimum effective caudal local anesthetic dose using ultrasound guidance.

Comparison of ultrasound-guided intermediate vs subcutaneous cervical plexus block for postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing total thyroidectomy: A randomised double-blind trial.

Background And Aims: Intermediate cervical plexus block (CPB) is a new procedure whose analgesic efficacy compared to superficial cervical plexus block is yet to be established. We compared the analgesic efficacy of superficial vs intermediate CPB for post-operative analgesia after thyroid surgery.

Methods: Forty-five patients with American Society of Anaesthesiologists' physical status 1 or 2 undergoing total thyroidectomy were recruited.

Comparison of the post-operative analgesic effect of paravertebral block, pectoral nerve block and local infiltration in patients undergoing modified radical mastectomy: A randomised double-blind trial.

Background And Aims: Paravertebral block, pectoral nerve (Pecs) block and wound infiltration are three modalities for post-operative analgesia following breast surgery. This study compares the analgesic efficacy of these techniques for post-operative analgesia.

Methods: Sixty-five patients with American Society of Anesthesiologists' physical status 1 or 2 undergoing modified radical mastectomy with axillary dissection were recruited for the study.

Magnesium sulphate as an adjuvant to bupivacaine in ultrasound-guided transversus abdominis plane block in patients scheduled for total abdominal hysterectomy under subarachnoid block.

Background And Aims: Transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block has proven to be an effective component of multimodal analgesic regimens for a variety of abdominal procedures. Magnesium sulphate (MgSO4) N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist has the potential to be an ideal adjuvant in TAP block. We studied the efficacy of MgSO4 as an adjuvant to bupivacaine in TAP block in patients scheduled for total abdominal hysterectomy (TAH) under subarachnoid block (SAB).