Executive summary of the American Radium Society® Appropriate Use Criteria for management of uterine carcinosarcoma.

Objective: Uterine carcinosarcomas (UCS) represent a rare but aggressive subset of endometrial cancers, comprising <5% of uterine malignancies. To date, limited prospective trials exist from which evidence-based management of this rare malignancy can be developed.

Methods: The American Radium Society Appropriate Use Criteria presented in this manuscript are evidence-based guidelines developed by a multidisciplinary expert panel for management of women with UCS.

Randomized prospective trial of fractionated stereotactic radiosurgery with chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone for bevacizumab-resistant high-grade glioma.

Purpose: Outcomes for patients with recurrent high-grade glioma (HGG) progressing on bevacizumab (BEV) are dismal. Fractionated stereotactic radiosurgery (FSRS) has been shown to be feasible and safe when delivered in this setting, but prospective evidence is lacking. This single-institution randomized trial compared FSRS plus BEV-based chemotherapy versus BEV-based chemotherapy alone for BEV-resistant recurrent malignant glioma.

Does the Interval Between Hysterectomy and Start of Adjuvant Radiation Treatment Influence Survival in Women With Endometrial Carcinoma?: A National Cancer Database analysis.

Objective: The objective of this study was to analyze the impact of the time interval (TI) between hysterectomy and initiation of adjuvant radiation treatment (ART) on overall survival (OS) among women with early stage endometrial carcinoma (EC) using the National Cancer Database (NCDB).

Materials And Methods: The NCDB was queried for women with the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage I to II EC who underwent hysterectomy followed by ART. We examined the prognostic impact of TI on OS using the cutoff ≤8 or >8 weeks to initiate radiation treatment (RT).

Real-time Magnetic Resonance-guided Liver Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy: An Institutional Report Using a Magnetic Resonance-Linac System.

Background Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) is a proven and effective modality for treatment of hepatic primary and metastatic tumors. However, these lesions are challenging for planning and treatment execution due to natural anatomic changes associated with respiration. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) offers superior soft tissue contrast resolution and the ability for real-time image-guided treatment delivery and lesion tracking.

Disparities in the Use of Single-fraction Stereotactic Radiosurgery for the Treatment of Brain Metastases From Non-small Cell Lung Cancer.

Purpose: Radiation treatment patterns in patients with brain metastases from non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have not been well elucidated. The National Cancer Database (NCDB) was used to evaluate trends in the use of whole brain radiation therapy (WBRT) and stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) for brain metastasis from NSCLC.

Methods: This NCDB study included patients > 18 years old with metastatic NSCLC treated with single-fraction SRS or WBRT between 2004 and 2014.

A Simplified Risk Stratification Method for Women With Stage I Endometrial Carcinoma.

Objectives: Available risk stratification methods for women with endometrial carcinoma are controversially defined. We sought to develop a simplified and an individualized prognostic index for cancer recurrence in women with International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage I endometrial carcinoma, solely of endometrioid histology.

Materials And Methods: We identified 976 women who underwent a hysterectomy and did not receive any adjuvant therapy.

Does Age-Adjusted Charlson Comorbidity Score Impact Survival Endpoints in Women with Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics-Stage III Endometrial Cancer?

Objectives: We sought to evaluate the impact of age-adjusted Charlson comorbidity index (AACCI) score on survival endpoints for women with advanced stage endometrial carcinoma (EC).

Methods And Materials: We identified 238 women with stage III EC. AACCI score was calculated and 3 groups were created accordingly; group 1 with a score of 0-2, group 2 with score 3-4, and group 3 with score ≥5.

Pediatric head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: Patient demographics, treatment trends and outcomes.

Objectives: To examine patient demographics, temporal and treatment trends, and survival outcomes of pediatric non-nasopharyngeal head and neck squamous cell carcinomas using the National Cancer Database.

Methods: The National Cancer Database was queried for pediatric patients (age 0-19 years) diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (including oral cavity, oropharynx, nasal cavity, larynx, hypopharynx, and salivary glands) from 2004 to 2013.

Results: Of 159 patients identified, the majority had oral cavity SCC (55%).

What Is the Optimal Adjuvant Treatment Sequence for Node-Positive Endometrial Cancer? Results of a National Cancer Database Analysis.

Objective: The optimal sequence of administering chemotherapy (CT) and radiation treatment (RT) in women with node-positive endometrial carcinoma (EC) remains controversial. We used the National Cancer Database to evaluate overall survival (OS) in women with advanced EC receiving different sequences of adjuvant therapy.

Methods: The National Cancer Database was queried for female adults with International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics 2009 stage IIIC1 to IIIC2 EC diagnosed from 2004 to 2012 treated with hysterectomy and adjuvant CT and RT.

The impact of adjuvant vaginal brachytherapy in women with Stage II uterine endometrioid carcinoma: Results of a National Cancer Database analysis.

Purpose: To report survival outcomes in women with Stage II uterine endometrioid carcinoma who received adjuvant radiation therapy (RT) without chemotherapy using the National Cancer Database.

Methods And Materials: The National Cancer Database was queried for women with International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics Stage II uterine endometrioid carcinoma who underwent hysterectomy followed by adjuvant RT without chemotherapy. The χ tests were performed to compare differences in outcome by type of adjuvant RT (external beam radiation therapy [EBRT] alone, vaginal brachytherapy [VBT] alone, or combination of EBRT and VBT).

External pelvic and vaginal irradiation vs. vaginal irradiation alone as postoperative therapy in women with early stage uterine serous carcinoma: Results of a National Cancer Database analysis.

Purpose: Adjuvant treatment in early stage uterine serous carcinoma (USC) usually consists of chemotherapy with vaginal brachytherapy (VB), pelvic external beam radiation therapy (EBRT), or combination. We compared survival outcomes across these various radiation treatment modalities using the National Cancer Database.

Methods And Materials: The National Cancer Database was queried for adult females with histologically confirmed International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics 1988 Stage I-II USC diagnosed from 2003 to 2013 treated definitively with hysterectomy, adjuvant chemotherapy, and radiation therapy.

Trends in the utilization of adjuvant vaginal brachytherapy in women with early-stage endometrial carcinoma: Results of an updated period analysis of SEER data.

Purpose: Adjuvant vaginal brachytherapy (VB) is a well-established and effective radiation treatment modality in women with early-stage endometrial carcinoma. We sought to evaluate and update published trends in the utilization of VB vs. other radiation therapy modalities (pelvic external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) or the combination of VB and pelvic EBRT using the National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database.

Fatal complications after stereotactic body radiation therapy for central lung tumors abutting the proximal bronchial tree.

Purpose: Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) is associated with excess toxicity following treatment of central lung tumors. Risk-adapted fractionation appears to have mitigated this risk, but it remains unclear whether SBRT is safe for all tumors within the central lung zone, especially those abutting the proximal bronchial tree (PBT). We investigated the dependence of toxicity on tumor proximity to PBT and whether tumors abutting the PBT had greater toxicity than other central lung tumors after SBRT.

Local control and toxicity in a large cohort of central lung tumors treated with stereotactic body radiation therapy.

Purpose: Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) in central lung tumors has been associated with higher rates of severe toxicity. We sought to evaluate toxicity and local control in a large cohort and to identify predictive dosimetric parameters.

Methods And Materials: We identified patients who received SBRT for central tumors according to either of 2 definitions.

Dosimetric predictors of esophageal toxicity after stereotactic body radiotherapy for central lung tumors.

Background And Purpose: Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) to central lung tumors can cause esophageal toxicity, but little is known about the incidence or risk factors. We reviewed central lung SBRT patients to identify dosimetric factors predictive of esophageal toxicity.

Materials And Methods: We assessed esophageal toxicity in 125 SBRT patients.

Treatment Modalities and Outcomes in Patients With Advanced Invasive Thymoma or Thymic Carcinoma: A Retrospective Multicenter Study.

Introduction: We investigated the relationships between treatment characteristics and long-term outcomes in patients with locally advanced thymoma or thymic carcinoma.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 146 patients treated from 1980 to 2011 at 2 tertiary cancer care centers, 110 with Masaoka-Koga stages III to IVA invasive thymoma and 36 with stages I to IVA thymic carcinoma. Survival probabilities were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method.