Seeing more than the Tip of the Iceberg: Approaches to Subthreshold Effects in Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Brain.

Many functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies and presurgical mapping applications rely on mass-univariate inference with subsequent multiple comparison correction. Statistical results are frequently visualized as thresholded statistical maps. This approach has inherent limitations including the risk of drawing overly-selective conclusions based only on selective results passing such thresholds.

Rare osteoarticular complications on [18F]FDG-PET/CT - following intravesical BCG immunotherapy for bladder cancer.

This case illustrates rare osteoarticular complications of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) immunotherapy in a 55-year-old male with high-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). The patient was referred for 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose ([18F]FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) to rule out bone metastases suspected on prior post-gadolinium magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Although metastases were excluded, nearly symmetrical uptakes were detected in the costovertebral and costotransverse joints.

Risk of Upstaging Due to Oncofertility Treatment Mimicking Pelvic Lymphoma on 18F-FDG PET/CT.

A 23-year-old woman with primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma was referred to 18F-FDG PET/CT for staging. Besides the large mediastinal FDG-avid tumor, another FDG-avid lesion with an SUV higher than expected in corpus luteum cysts was found in the pelvis, raising suspicion for tumor. However, gynecologic ultrasound and review of patient chart revealed history of oncofertility treatment with GNRH analog.

Reshaping the Amyloid Buildup Curve in Alzheimer Disease? Partial-Volume Effect Correction of Longitudinal Amyloid PET Data.

It was hypothesized that the brain β-amyloid buildup curve plateaus at an early symptomatic stage of Alzheimer disease (AD). Atrophy-related partial-volume effects (PVEs) degrade signal in hot-spot imaging techniques such as amyloid PET. The current study, a longitudinal analysis of amyloid-sensitive PET data, investigated the effect on the shape of the β-amyloid curve in AD when PVE correction (PVEC) is applied.

Noradrenaline transporter availability on [C]MRB PET predicts weight loss success in highly obese adults.

Purpose: Although the mechanisms by which the central noradrenaline (NA) system influences appetite and controls energy balance are quite well understood, its relationship to changes in body weight remains largely unknown. The main goal of this study was to further clarify whether the brain NA system is a stable trait or whether it can be altered by dietary intervention.

Methods: We aimed to compare central NA transporter (NAT) availability in ten obese, otherwise healthy individuals with a body mass index (BMI) of 42.