Robust Identification of Differential Gene Expression Patterns from Multiple Transcriptomics Datasets for Early Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Therapies for Breast Cancer.

Breast cancer (BC) is one of the major causes of cancer-related death in women globally. Proper identification of BC-causing hub genes (HubGs) for prognosis, diagnosis, and therapies at an earlier stage may reduce such death rates. However, most of the previous studies detected HubGs through non-robust statistical approaches that are sensitive to outlying observations.

Recent advances in the delivery and applications of nonviral CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing.

The CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats)/Cas9 genome editing system has been a major technological breakthrough that has brought revolutionary changes to genome editing for therapeutic and diagnostic purposes and precision medicine. With the advent of the CRISPR/Cas9 system, one of the critical limiting factors has been the safe and efficient delivery of this system to cells or tissues of interest. Several approaches have been investigated to find delivery systems that can attain tissue-targeted delivery, lowering the chances of off-target editing.

Assessment of Drugs Toxicity and Associated Biomarker Genes Using Hierarchical Clustering.

Assessment of drugs toxicity and associated biomarker genes is one of the most important tasks in the pre-clinical phase of drug development pipeline as well as in toxicogenomic studies. There are few statistical methods for the assessment of doses of drugs (DDs) toxicity and their associated biomarker genes. However, these methods consume more time for computation of the model parameters using the EM (expectation-maximization) based iterative approaches.

Peptide-based targeted polymeric nanoparticles for siRNA delivery.

The development of polymer-based nanoparticulate delivery systems for siRNA is important for the clinical success of gene therapy. However, there are some major drawbacks that need to be overcome. Short interfering RNA (siRNA) has been investigated as a potential therapeutic drug to silence disease-associated genes, but its usage is limited due to the lack of effective and safe nanocarriers.

Advances in Targeted Gene Delivery.

Gene therapy has the potential to treat both acquired and inherited genetic diseases. Generally, two types of gene delivery vectors are used - viral vectors and non-viral vectors. Non-viral gene delivery systems have attracted significant interest (e.

Gastrin-releasing peptide receptor-targeted hybrid peptide/phospholipid pDNA/siRNA delivery systems.

To develop a peptide/phospholipid hybrid system for gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRPR)-targeted delivery of pDNA or siRNA. A multifunctional GRPR-targeted peptide R-K(GALA)-BBN(6-14) was combined with a phospholipid oligonucleotide delivery system (1:1 1,2-dioleoyl--glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine and 1,2-dioleoyl-3-trimethylammonium-propane) and evaluated for pDNA and siRNA delivery in terms of complex size, toxicity, receptor-targeted delivery and gene expression or knockdown efficiency. By combining peptide and phospholipid delivery systems, synergistic improvements in gene expression and knockdown were observed when compared with either system alone.

Robust identification of significant interactions between toxicogenomic biomarkers and their regulatory chemical compounds using logistic moving range chart.

Identification of significant interactions between genes and chemical compounds/drugs is an important issue in toxicogenomic studies as well as in drug discovery and development. There are some online and offline computational tools for toxicogenomic data analysis to identify the biomarker genes and their regulatory chemical compounds/drugs. However, none of the researchers has considered yet the identification of significant interactions between genes and compounds.

Robust Co-clustering to Discover Toxicogenomic Biomarkers and Their Regulatory Doses of Chemical Compounds Using Logistic Probabilistic Hidden Variable Model.

Detection of biomarker genes and their regulatory doses of chemical compounds (DCCs) is one of the most important tasks in toxicogenomic studies as well as in drug design and development. There is an online computational platform "Toxygates" to identify biomarker genes and their regulatory DCCs by co-clustering approach. Nevertheless, the algorithm of that platform based on hierarchical clustering (HC) does not share gene-DCC two-way information simultaneously during co-clustering between genes and DCCs.

Toxic Dose prediction of Chemical Compounds to Biomarkers using an ANOVA based Gene Expression Analysis.

The aim of toxicogenomic studies is to optimize the toxic dose levels of chemical compounds (CCs) and their regulated biomarker genes. This is also crucial in drug discovery and development. There are popular online computational tools such as ToxDB and Toxygates to identify toxicogenomic biomarkers using t-test.

A newly developed tool for measuring the availability of human resources for emergency obstetric and newborn care services: prospective analytic study in two district-level public facilities in Bangladesh.

Background: In Bangladesh, while the infrastructure of public health facilities to provide maternal and newborn care services is adequate, services are not always available due to insufficient staffing. A human resource availability index for health facilities is needed for monitoring and advocacy. This study aimed to develop indices for measuring the availability of different types of human resources to provide round-the-clock emergency obstetric and newborn care (EmONC) service at district-level public facilities.

Bombesin/oligoarginine fusion peptides for gastrin releasing peptide receptor (GRPR) targeted gene delivery.

The development of non-viral gene delivery systems, with the capacity to overcome most of the biological barriers facing gene delivery, is challenging. We have developed peptide-based, multicomponent, non-viral delivery systems, incorporating: a bombesin peptide ligand (BBN(6-14)), to selectively target the gastrin releasing peptide receptor (GRPR); oligoarginine peptides (hexa- (R) and nona-arginine (R)), for plasmid DNA (pDNA) condensation; and GALA, to facilitate endosome escape. The uptake and endosome escape efficiency of bombesin/oligoarginine and bombesin/oligoarginine/GALA fusion peptides for oligonucleotide delivery was evaluated in terms of their complex size, cellular uptake, endosome escape, and cellular toxicity.

Investigation of bombesin peptide as a targeting ligand for the gastrin releasing peptide (GRP) receptor.

Gastrin releasing peptide (GRP) receptor (GRPR), a bombesin family receptor, is overexpressed in many cancers including breast, prostate, pancreatic and lung. The targeting of therapeutics to GRPR can be achieved using the full-length (14 amino acid) GRP analogue Bombesin (BBN) or the truncated BBN(6-14) sequence, both of which bind GRPR with high affinity and specificity. In this study, we have investigated the level of GRPR expression in various cancerous (Caco-2, HeLa, LNCap, MDA-MB-231, and PC-3) and non-cancerous (WPMY-1) cell lines using a western blotting approach.

Market Assessment and Product Evaluation of Probiotic Containing Dietary Supplements Available in Bangladesh Market.

Probiotics containing food supplements available in Bangladesh market were identified and collected for assessment. To assess their label claim, they were resuspended into sterile distilled water. Then, series dilutions of each sample solution were prepared and immediately plated out, in duplicate, into De Man Rogosa Sharpe (MRS) agar.

Role of early serum beta human chorionic gonadotropin measurement in predicting multiple pregnancy and pregnancy wastage in an in vitro ET fertilization cycle.

Objective: This study was performed to assess the prognostic value of serum beta human chorionic gonadotropin (βhCG), measured on day 14 post embryo transfer (ET) for predicting multiple gestation and pregnancy wastage in women undergoing in vitro fertilization ET (IVF-ET).

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study was performed between May 2009 and November 2012. Out of the 181 women who conceived, 168 were included and the remaining 13 were excluded as their pregnancy was biochemical.