Residual limbs of amputees are significantly cooler than contralateral intact limbs.

Objective: To test the hypothesis that distal residual limbs (DRLs) have significant vasomotor abnormalities.

Design: Comparative surface temperature studies of DRLs using paired samples (DRL vs. similar site on intact contralateral limb).

The upper lip lift using the 'bull's horn' approach.

Our lift lip technique consists of an excision of the white part of the upper lip directly beneath the nose in the shape of a 'bull's-horn', with advancement of the inferior border of the incision to the area directly beneath the nose. Pre-operative markings on the skin ensure the lip lift is approximately symmetric. Advancement of the inferior edge of skin directly beneath the nasal base lifts the lip, producing more visible vermilion and about 3 mm of tooth show at rest.