Student's perception of three-dimensional atlas interactive system beside traditional cadaveric dissection in learning human anatomy.

Purpose: As digital education is encroaching on the traditional method, it is important to get, the feedback of medical students. The current study has been proposed to investigate the perception of first-year MBBS students, regarding the use of 3D atlas for gross anatomy study as adjunct along with cadaveric dissection.

Methods: The feedback of 91 first-year MBBS students, regarding the incorporation of a 3D atlas in the dissection lab along with traditional cadaveric dissection was collected.

Reliability and efficiency of ChatGPT 3.5 and 4.0 as a tool for scalenovertebral triangle anatomy education.

Purpose: As the popularity and the usage of the artificial intelligence (AI) tools is increasing in medical education, it is important to critically evaluate these resources and confirm their reliability. The current study proposes to assess the reliability and effectiveness of ChatGPT 3.5 and 4 for gross anatomical information on scalenovertebral triangle.

Bilateral absence of the common femoral artery with high-origin and superficial course of the deep femoral artery: a rare case report.

Background: The common femoral artery is a chief source of blood supply to the lower limb. Variations in its anatomy, like its absence, high level commencement of the deep femoral artery (DFA) with a superficial course, are unusual. The knowledge of such variations may have substantial clinical applications, specifically in vascular surgical procedures, catheterizations, and diagnostic or interventional radiology.

Students' Perception of Newly Experimented "Rangoli Art" in Anatomy Education: A Pilot Study.

Art and drawing have a well-established history with the teaching and learning of anatomy, as symbolized by Leonardo Da Vinci's Vitruvian Man. However, its efficacy relatively declined in modern anatomy education. The purpose of this study was to survey students' views regarding the "anatomy Rangoli-making activity" and to discern if this art form may be implicated in anatomy education.

External occipital protuberance classification with special reference to spine type and its clinical implications.

Purpose: This investigation aimed to study the types of external occipital protuberance (EOP) with special reference to Type 3 (spine type). Detailed information will be useful for clinicians to manage occipital headaches or issues related to the biomechanics of the neck and for accurate radiological interpretations.

Methods: Thirty-one dry intact cadaveric skulls were studied for EOP classification.

Osseous deficiencies, pockets, superfluous lateral border thickening in scapula: a rare occurrence.

Background: Beyond the nutrient and suprascapular foramen, the other foramina, holes or osseous deficiencies, pockets has rarely been reported in scapula. If present, the bony holes or deficiencies may lead to radiolucent areas and may be mistaken for sites of osteolytic destruction related to skeletal metastases, multiple myeloma or others.

Case Report: In the present case of left scapula, unusual osseous deficiencies of different size and shape along with pockets were observed in the body of scapula.

Morphological and Morphometric Analysis of the Orbital Aperture and Their Correlation With Age and Gender: A Retrospective Digital Radiographic Study.

Purpose Precise knowledge about clinically observed bony orbital aging is needed for surgical planning for acceptable cosmetic results. The effect of age and gender on the facial skeleton and orbital aperture has been appreciated earlier, but its quantification remains ignored. The purpose of this study was to evaluate age- and sex-related changes in the shape of the orbital aperture and construct a reference data set for the aging phenomenon in Indians.

Google trends in "anatomy": pre-pandemic versus during COVID-19 pandemic.

Purpose: The purpose of the present study was to assess the online search behavior for the keyword "anatomy" worldwide and to compare the pre-pandemic and during COVID-19 pandemic scenario for the same.

Methods: Google trends tool was used for the assessment of the search behavior for the term "anatomy". The data, i.

Morphology and Morphometry of Human Paracentral Lobule: An Anatomical Study with its Application in Neurosurgery.

Background: The human paracentral lobule (PCL) is the medial continuation of the precentral and postcentral gyri. It has important functional area related to the lower limb and perineum. Its visible surface that corresponds to magnetic resonance imaging scout images varies in morphology, so it requires exact data.

Virtual thanks giving to a cadaver by medical students exposed to learning anatomy before and amidst COVID-19 pandemic.

Purpose: Due to COVID-19 pandemic, Thanks giving ceremony to cadaver was different this year in two ways: the students were partially exposed to cadaveric dissections (for 7 months) and later learned Anatomy via online classes due to lockdown (for 5 months) and secondly it was not feasible to gather for the ceremony so virtual platform was preferred. The purpose of this study was to discern the gratitude for cadaver and to recognize the importance of cadaveric dissection from the reflection of students who experienced hybrid anatomy learning amidst COVID-19.

Methods: The study was conducted on 48 first year medical students who were admitted to the college in August 2019 and were willing to participate.

Surgical anatomy of basal turn in relation to middle cranial fossa and round window as pertaining to middle fossa cochlear implant technique.

Purpose: The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the relation of the basal turn of cochlea with middle cranial fossa and round window as pertaining to middle cranial fossa cochlear implant technique.

Methods: Fifty-four formalin preserved temporal bones were micro-dissected to expose the basal turn. The point (f) was marked on the basal turn of cochlea where there was minimum distance of basal turn of cochlea from the floor of middle cranial fossa (f).

Anatomy education of medical and dental students during COVID-19 pandemic: a reality check.

Purpose: During this forced down-time of COVID-19 pandemic, shift to virtual anatomy education is the solitary solution to support the learning of students. The purpose of this study was to understand the visible and invisible potential challenges being faced by the 1st year medical and dental students while attending digital anatomy classes.

Methods: The present study was conducted on 81st year medical and dental students who were admitted to their respective college in August 2019 and were willing to participate in the study.

Utility of Artificial Intelligence Amidst the COVID 19 Pandemic: A Review.

The term machine learning refers to a collection of tools used for identifying patterns in data. As opposed to traditional methods of pattern identification, machine learning tools relies on artificial intelligence to map out patters from large amounts of data, can self-improve as and when new data becomes available and is quicker in accomplishing these tasks. This review describes various techniques of machine learning that have been used in the past in the prediction, detection and management of infectious diseases, and how these tools are being brought into the battle against COVID-19.

Anatomic variability of oval window as pertaining to stapes surgery.

Purpose: The purpose of the study is to study the details of dimensions and shape of oval window in different age groups, sides and genders and their clinical implications. The oval window is a key structure while performing surgeries in relation to stapes. An intricate knowledge of the shape and size of the oval window is important for the reconstruction and fitting of cartilage compatible with the native shape of the oval window.

Green tea [Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze] extract reverses the despair behaviour in reserpinised and diabetic mice.

Green tea (C. sinensis) extract (GTE) dose dependently produced reversal of despair in normal, reserpinised and diabetic mice, thereby demonstrating an antidepressant effect. Although the exact mechanism is yet to be explored, the possible inhibition of catechol-o-methyl transferase and monoamine oxidase enzymes may be responsible for antidepressant activity of GTE.

Green tea (Camellia sinensis) extract ameliorates endotoxin induced sickness behavior and liver damage in rats.

Immune activation, either by cytokines or endotoxin, elicits a constellation of nonspecific symptoms such as weakness, malaise, listlessness, fatigue, adipsia, anorexia, depression and anxiety collectively termed as sickness behavior. Further, endotoxin administration in animals has been implicated in the pathogenesis of many types of liver disease. Green tea, a common household drink, is rich in antioxidant polyphenols demonstrating inhibitory effects on cytokine production.

Modulatory role of green tea extract on antinociceptive effect of morphine in diabetic mice.

Diabetic neuropathic pain is an important microvascular complication, and morphine has been demonstrated to be ineffective in this condition. Therefore the present study was designed to investigate the modulatory effect of green tea extract (GTE) on the decreased antinociceptive effect of morphine in diabetic mice. The tail withdrawal test was performed for measurement of the nociceptive threshold in both streptozotocin (STZ)-injected and control mice.

Green tea extract and catechin ameliorate chronic fatigue-induced oxidative stress in mice.

Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is an illness characterized by persistent and relapsing fatigue, often accompanied by numerous symptoms involving various body systems. The etiology of CFS remains unclear, but a number of studies have shown that oxidative stress may be involved in its pathogenesis. The present study was designed to investigate the protective effect of green tea extract (GTE) and catechin in the mouse model of CFS.

Reversal of LPS-induced immobility in mice by green tea polyphenols: possible COX-2 mechanism.

An endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide, LPS) is known to activate the hypothalamo-pituitary adrenocortical axis, as well as norepinephrine and indolamine metabolism. Systemically administered LPS produces depression in the forced swimming-induced despair behaviour model in mice. The present study was designed to investigate the effect of green tea extract (GTE) on LPS-induced despair behaviour and to explore the mechanism involved in modulation of LPS-induced immobility by GTE.