Implication of Salivary Biochemical Parameters for Diagnosis and Prognosis of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Background: Clinical laboratory diagnosis and prognosis for diabetes mellitus is performed using blood as a major specimen; however, saliva may represent as an alternative noninvasive specimen of choice. This study aims to evaluate salivary biochemical parameters in diabetic and healthy individuals to substantiate saliva's role in the diagnosis and prognosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods: This case-control study included 150 T2DM patients and 150 apparently healthy individuals.

Intrathecal morphine does not prevent chronic postsurgical pain after elective Caesarean delivery: a randomised controlled trial.

Background: Morphine is frequently added to spinal anaesthesia for Caesarean delivery. We aimed to determine whether intrathecal morphine for spinal anaesthesia decreases the risk of chronic postsurgical pain (CPSP).

Methods: In this randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 290 healthy parturients undergoing elective Caesarean delivery were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive either intrathecal morphine 100 μg (n=145) or normal saline (control; n=145) as a part of spinal anaesthesia.

"Choledochoscope" as an Important Addition in Difficult Airway Management: A Case Report.

The choledochoscope is an additional tool to manage a difficult airway. We successfully used it for the first time for awake nasal intubation in a patient with no mouth opening resulting from bilateral temporomandibular ankylosis. The visual appearance of the airway structures was not compromised.

A case of hyperventilation leading to apnea and desaturation in PACU.

Background: Respiratory adverse events are not uncommon in the post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) following general anesthesia. In this regard, hyperventilation leading to apnea and desaturation is a rare entity. Here we have reported a case of a 15-year-old girl who, following an uneventful general anesthesia, developed severe hyperventilation leading to apnea and desaturation in the PACU.