Direct impact of gonadotropins on glucose uptake and storage in preovulatory granulosa cells: Implications in the pathogenesis of polycystic ovary syndrome.

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is often associated with higher levels of LH, and arrested ovarian follicular growth. The direct impact of high LH on FSH mediated metabolic responses in PCOS patients is not clearly understood.

Method: In order to investigate the impact of FSH and LH on glucose metabolism in preovulatory granulosa cells (GCs), we used [UC]-2 deoxyglucose, D-[UC]-glucose or 2-NBD glucose to analyse glucose uptake and its incorporation into glycogen.

FSH stimulates IRS-2 expression in human granulosa cells through cAMP/SP1, an inoperative FSH action in PCOS patients.

Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) plays a central role in growth and differentiation of ovarian follicles. A plethora of information exists on molecular aspects of FSH responses but little is known about the mechanisms involved in its cross-talk with insulin/IGF-1 pathways implicated in the coordination of energy homeostasis in preovulatory granulosa cells (GCs). In this study, we hypothesized that FSH may regulate IRS-2 expression and thereby maintain the energy balance in GCs.

Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay for milk progesterone.

A direct antigen heterologous enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for milk progesterone has been developed using progesterone-3-O-carboxymethyloxime-bovine serum albumin (P-3-O-CMO-BSA) antiserum and 17-α-hydroxy-progesterone-3-O-carboxymethyloxime-horseradish peroxidase (17-α-OH-P-3-O-CMO-HRP) enzyme conjugate. The data of the present study reveal that the homologous assay, which employed P-3-O-CMO-HRP as the label, showed no displacement. On the contrary, replacement of P-3-O-CMO-HRP with 17-α-OH-P-3-O-CMO-HRP as the label showed significant displacement and led to the development of a sensitive and specific assay.