Fatigue, fear of being mobilized and residual limb pain limit independent basic mobility and physiotherapy for patients early after major dysvascular lower extremity amputation: A prospective cohort study.

Aim: Early mobilization of patients with a major lower extremity amputation (LEA) is often a challenge because of lack of compliance. Therefore, we investigated factors limiting independent mobility and physiotherapy on the first day with physiotherapy (PTDay1) and the following 2 days after LEA.

Methods: A total of 60 consecutive patients, mean age 73.

Corynebacterium diphtheriae and Corynebacterium ulcerans: development of EUCAST methods and generation of data on which to determine breakpoints.

Background: Evidence-based clinical susceptibility breakpoints have been lacking for antimicrobial agents used for diphtheria.

Objectives: We aimed to evaluate broth microdilution and disc diffusion methods and create a dataset of MIC values and inhibition zone diameters (ZDs) from which breakpoints could be determined.

Methods: We included 400 recent clinical isolates equally distributed by species (Corynebacterium diphtheriae and Corynebacterium ulcerans) and by national surveillance programmes (France and Germany).

Scripts for consensual sex as risk factors for sexual aggression: A three-wave longitudinal study with university students in Germany.

Background: Sexual aggression is a major problem among young adults. Sexual scripts are cognitive schemata representing typical elements of sexual interactions and serve as guidelines for sexual behavior. They may be linked to the risk of sexual aggression if they contain elements known to be associated with the perpetration of sexual aggression, such as alcohol use, sex with casual partners, and ambiguous communication of sexual intentions.

Lateral flow immunoassay-based laboratory algorithm for rapid diagnosis of diphtheria.

In industrialised countries diphtheria is a rare but still life-threatening disease with a recent increase in cases due to migration and zoonotic aspects. Due to the rarity of the disease, laboratory diagnosis of diphtheria is often carried out in central reference laboratories and involves the use of sophisticated equipment and specially trained personnel. The result of the diphtheria agent detection can usually be obtained after 5-6 days or more.

Infections in Eurasian Beavers ().

The Eurasian beaver ( has been reintroduced successfully in Germany since the 1990s. Since wildlife is an important source of zoonotic infectious diseases, monitoring of invasive and reintroduced species is crucial with respect to the One Health approach. Three Eurasian beavers were found dead in the German federal states of Bavaria, North Rhine-Westphalia and Baden-Wuerttemberg in 2015, 2021 and 2022, respectively.

Outbreak of imported diphtheria with among migrants arriving in Germany, 2022.

From July 2022, cases of imported diphtheria with toxigenic remarkably increased among migrants arriving in Germany. Up to 30 September 2022, 44 cases have been reported to the national public health institute, all laboratory-confirmed, male, and mainly coming from Syria (n = 21) and Afghanistan (n = 17). Phylogeny and available journey information indicate that most cases (n = 19) were infected along the Balkan route.

Detection of diphtheria toxin production by toxigenic corynebacteria using an optimized Elek test.

Purpose: Diphtheria, still present in many countries of the world, is caused by toxigenic strains of species of the Corynebacterium diphtheriae complex, mainly Corynebacterium diphtheriae and the emerging zoonotic pathogen C. ulcerans. The immunoprecipitation test according to Elek is the gold standard for detection of the major virulence factor diphtheria toxin (DT) in toxigenic corynebacteria.

Conflict interference in an insect.

Response conflicts occur when the correct goal-congruent response is weaker than an alternative but incorrect response. To overcome response conflicts, the stronger response has to be inhibited, making the study of response conflicts an important research topic in higher order cognition. Response conflicts often result in conflict interference-an increase in error rates and response times.

Widespread Disease in Hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeus) Caused by Toxigenic Corynebacterium ulcerans.

Toxin-producing Corynebacterium ulcerans, a causative agent of diphtheria in humans, was isolated from 53 hedgehogs in Belgium during the spring of 2020. Isolates showed low levels of acquired antimicrobial drug resistance. Strain diversity suggests emergence from an endemic situation.

Pathways from College Students' Cognitive Scripts for Consensual Sex to Sexual Victimization: A Three-Wave Longitudinal Study.

Sexual scripts serve as cognitive representations of typical elements of sexual interactions that guide sexual behavior. To the extent that cognitive scripts for consensual sex comprise elements associated with a risk of experiencing nonconsensual sex, they may be indirectly linked to sexual victimization via risky sexual behavior. A longitudinal study with 2,425 college students in Germany (58% female) examined pathways from sexual scripts for consensual sex, sexual behavior, and sexual victimization over three data waves separated by 12-month intervals.

Corynebacterium rouxii, a recently described member of the C. diphtheriae group isolated from three dogs with ulcerative skin lesions.

Corynebacterium (C.) diphtheriae is one of the two etiological pathogens for human diphtheria with significant morbidity and mortality. Recently, members of its biovar Belfanti have been described as two novel species, C.

Toxigenic Corynebacterium diphtheriae-Associated Genital Ulceration.

In October 2016, an adolescent boy sought care for acute genital ulceration in Cologne, Germany. We presumed a sexually transmitted infection, but initial diagnostic procedures yielded negative results. He was hospitalized because swab samples from the lesion grew toxigenic Corynebacterium diphtheriae, leading to the diagnosis of possibly sexually transmitted cutaneous diphtheria.

Antimicrobial susceptibility of Corynebacterium diphtheriae and Corynebacterium ulcerans in Germany 2011-17.

Background: Diphtheria is mainly caused by diphtheria-toxin-producing strains of Corynebacterium diphtheriae and Corynebacterium ulcerans. The recommended first-line antibiotic is penicillin or erythromycin, but reliable susceptibility data are scarce.

Objectives: To define WT MIC distributions of 12 antimicrobial agents and provide data for the determination of tentative epidemiological cut-off values (TECOFFs) for potentially toxigenic corynebacteria and to evaluate the potential usefulness of a gradient test (Etest) for susceptibility testing of penicillin, erythromycin and clindamycin.

Investigation of a COVID-19 outbreak in Germany resulting from a single travel-associated primary case: a case series.

Background: In December, 2019, the newly identified severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) emerged in Wuhan, China, causing COVID-19, a respiratory disease presenting with fever, cough, and often pneumonia. WHO has set the strategic objective to interrupt spread of SARS-CoV-2 worldwide. An outbreak in Bavaria, Germany, starting at the end of January, 2020, provided the opportunity to study transmission events, incubation period, and secondary attack rates.

sp. nov., a unique group of NTTB corynebacteria in wild boar and roe deer.

A total of 34 sp. strains were isolated from caseous lymph node abscesses of wild boar and roe deer in different regions of Germany. They showed slow growth on Columbia sheep blood agar and sparse growth on Hoyle's tellurite agar.

Challenging voices: Mixed evidence for context-specific control adjustments in the auditory domain.

The flexible adjustment to changing demands is an astonishing human ability. One related phenomenon is the context-specific proportion congruency (CSPC) effect. Regarding response conflict, the CSPC refers to reduced response interference in contexts with a high conflict proportion as opposed to contexts with a low conflict proportion.

Rapid establishment of laboratory diagnostics for the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 in Bavaria, Germany, February 2020.

The need for timely establishment of diagnostic assays arose when Germany was confronted with the first travel-associated outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in Europe. We describe our laboratory experiences during a large contact tracing investigation, comparing previously published real-time RT-PCR assays in different PCR systems and a commercial kit. We found that assay performance using the same primers and probes with different PCR systems varied and the commercial kit performed well.

The face of control: Corrugator supercilii tracks aversive conflict signals in the service of adaptive cognitive control.

Cognitive control is the ability to monitor, evaluate, and adapt behavior in the service of long-term goals. Recent theories have proposed that the integral negative emotions elicited by conflict are critical for the adaptive adjustment of cognitive control. However, evidence for the negative valence of conflict in cognitive control tasks mainly comes from behavioral studies that interrupted trial sequences, making it difficult to directly test the link between conflict-induced affect and subsequent increases in cognitive control.

Temporal dynamics of error-related corrugator supercilii and zygomaticus major activity: Evidence for implicit emotion regulation following errors.

According to feedback control models, errors are monitored and inform subsequent control adaptations. Despite these cognitive consequences, errors also have affective consequences. It has been suggested that errors elicit negative affect which might be functional for control adaptations.

Reliable differentiation of a non-toxigenic tox gene-bearing Corynebacterium ulcerans variant frequently isolated from game animals using MALDI-TOF MS.

Corynebacterium (C.) ulcerans is a zoonotic member of the C. diphtheriae group and is known to cause abscesses in humans and several animal species.