Novel Class of Ambipolar Columnar Liquid Crystals Based on Cyclic Dipeptide and Isatin Hybrids.

A new class of cyclic dipeptide-isatin hybrids was synthesized using 2,5-diketopiperazine and various isatin derivatives bearing flexible chains and extended aromatic rings in a double Knoevenagel condensation process. These new series demonstrate high solubility and good thermal stability with decomposition temperatures exceeding 370 °C, especially the molecular design with efficient space-filling (CI5 and CI6) stabilized columnar liquid crystalline phase. The hole and electron carrier mobility of the CI5 compound, measured using the space charge limited current (SCLC) technique, were found to be 9.

The Ideal Size of Mesh for Open Inguinal Hernia Repair: A Morphometric Study in Patients with Inguinal Hernia.

Introduction This study was done to analyze the morphometric features of the inguinal canal with different types of inguinal hernias to determine the appropriate size of mesh required to cover potential sites of recurrence. A morphometric assessment in the particular population is essential to recommend the appropriate mesh size in inguinal hernias to cover all the potential sites of recurrence. Materials and methods This was a prospective observational study, including all consecutive patients undergoing open inguinal hernia repair under local/regional/general anesthesia over a period of three years.

Crystal structure of (2E)-1-(5-bromo-thio-phen-2-yl)-3-(2-chloro-phen-yl)prop-2-en-1-one.

In the title compound, C13H8BrClOS, the thienyl ring is not coplanar with the benzene ring, their planes forming a dihedral angle of 13.2 (4)°. In the crystal, mol-ecules stack along the a axis, with the inter-planar separation between thienyl rings and between benzene rings being 3.

Crystal structure of (7-fluoro-2-oxo-2H-chromen-4-yl)methyl morpholine-4-carbodi-thio-ate.

In the title compound, C15H14FNO3S2, the 2H-chromene ring system is close to being planar (r.m.s.

Crystal structure of diethyl 2-[(2-sulfan-yl-quinolin-3-yl)methyl-idene]malonate.

In the title compound, C17H17N O4S, the quinoline ring system is nearly planar, with a maximum deviation of 0.0496 (16) Å. A weak intra-molecular C-H⋯O inter-action is observed.

Ethyl (4-{[(di-ethyl-carbamo-thio-yl)sulfan-yl]meth-yl}-2-oxo-2H-chromen-7-yl)carbamate.

In the title compound, C18H22N2O4S2, the 2H-chromene ring system is essentially planar (r.m.s.

Successful treatment of laser induced hypopigmentation with narrowband ultraviolet B targeted phototherapy.

Q-switched 1064 nm neodymium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet (Qs 1064 nm Nd: YAG) laser plays an important role in the treatment of pigmentary skin disorders, including tattoos. Although it has high efficacy and safety, adverse effect like hypopigmentation may occur causing anxiety to patients. We present a case report of Qs 1064 nm Nd: YAG laser induced hypopigmentation which was successfully treated with ultraviolet B targeted phototherapy, with rapid and satisfactory re-pigmentation.

Lichen Amyloidosis: Novel Treatment with Fractional Ablative 2,940 nm Erbium: YAG Laser Treatment.

Lichen amyloidosis (LA) is a type of primary localized cutaneous amyloidosis clinically characterized by persistent pruritic, hyperkeratotic papules commonly distributed on the shins and histopathologically characterized by amyloid deposits in the papillary dermis. The condition is difficult to treat though various treatment modalities have been tried. We report a case of LA treated successfully with Fractional ablative 2,940 nm Erbium: YAG Laser treatment.

Cutaneous disorders in 500 diabetic patients attending diabetic clinic.

Background: The metabolic complications and pathologic changes that occur in diabetes mellitus (DM) influence the occurrence of various dermatoses.

Aim: To study the impact of control of diabetes on the pattern of cutaneous disorders.

Materials And Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study of patients attending diabetic clinic in a tertiary care hospital.

Prevention of complications in chemical peeling.

Chemical peeling is a simple, safe and cost-effective office procedure. Complications can be best avoided by proper patient selection, proper patient counseling, adequate priming and good intra-peel and post-peel care.

Finasteride-its impact on sexual function and prostate cancer.

Finasteride, a specific and competitive inhibitor of 5alpha-reductase enzyme Type 2, inhibits the conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone (DHT). In adults, DHT acts as primary androgen in prostate and hair follicles. The only FDA-approved dermatological indication of finasteride is androgenetic alopecia.

Advanced glycation index and its association with severity of diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetic subjects.

Background: This study investigates the association of advanced glycation index (AGI), a simple assay to detect advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs) in serum, with severity of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in type 2 diabetic subjects.

Methods: The study included 188 type 2 diabetic subjects without DR, 153 subjects with nonproliferative DR, 41 subjects with proliferative DR, and 188 control participants. Serum levels of AGEs were monitored with a spectrofluorimeter by recording Maillard-specific fluorescence.

Risk factors for diabetic retinopathy in a South Indian Type 2 diabetic population--the Chennai Urban Rural Epidemiology Study (CURES) Eye Study 4.

Aims: To determine risk factors for diabetic retinopathy (DR) in an urban South Indian Type 2 diabetic population.

Methods: The Chennai Urban Rural Epidemiology Study is a large cross-sectional study conducted in Chennai, South India. A total of 1736 Type 2 diabetic subjects were recruited for this study, which included 1382 known diabetic subjects (90.

Association of serum lipids with diabetic retinopathy in urban South Indians--the Chennai Urban Rural Epidemiology Study (CURES) Eye Study--2.

Aims: To study the association of serum lipids with diabetic retinopathy (DR) in Type 2 diabetic subjects.

Methods: Type 2 diabetic subjects (n = 1736) were randomly selected from the Chennai Urban Rural Epidemiology Study (CURES), which was carried out on a representative population of Chennai in South India. DR was diagnosed by retinal colour photography and classified according to the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) grading system.

Prevalence of diabetic retinopathy in urban India: the Chennai Urban Rural Epidemiology Study (CURES) eye study, I.

Purpose: To assess the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in type 2 diabetic subjects in urban India using four-field stereo color photography.

Methods: The Chennai Urban Rural Epidemiology Study (CURES) is a population-based study conducted on a representative population of Chennai (formerly Madras) city in South India. Individuals > or =20 years in age (n = 26,001) were screened for diabetes.

In vivo effect of whole grain flour of finger millet (Eleusine coracana) and kodo millet (Paspalum scrobiculatum) on rat dermal wound healing.

Influence of finger millet and kodo millet on rat dermal wound healing was assessed by making a 4 cm2 (2 x 2 cm) excision wound on the shaven back of rats under ether anesthesia. Finger millet or kodo millet flour (300 mg) as aqueous paste was applied topically once daily for 16 days. The granulation tissue formed on day 4, 8 and 12 was used to estimate some biochemical parameters like protein, DNA, collagen and lipid peroxides.

Genotoxicity evaluation of heat shock in gold fish (Carassius auratus).

Genotoxicity evaluation of heat shock was carried out in Carassius auratus. The genotoxicity end points studied were nuclear anomalies (micronucleus assay), chromosomal aberrations, DNA damage (comet assay) and cell proliferation. The heat shock temperatures used were 34 degrees C, 36 degrees C and 38 degrees C.

Genotoxicity evaluation of pyrazinamide in mice.

Pyrazinamide, an antituberculosis drug, was investigated for genotoxicity in mice, an in vivo rodent system. Three doses (125, 250 and 500 mg/kg bw corresponding to 5, 10 and 20 times the therapeutic dose respectively) were tested. The mitotic index and the frequency of chromosomal aberrations were analysed at three sample times (3, 6 and 24 h) after a single intraperitoneal treatment.