Use of Suctioning during Newborn Resuscitation and Its Effects on Heart Rate in a Low-Resource Setting, Tanzania.

Suctioning of newborns immediately after birth, as part of delivery room resuscitation, is only recommended if the airway is obstructed. The aim of this study was to describe the use of suctioning during newborn resuscitation among survivors versus those who died within 3 days and potential suction-related heart rate responses and associations to newborn characteristics. This was a retrospective observational study from July 2013 to July 2016 in a referral hospital in rural Tanzania.

Neurodevelopmental Outcome at 6 Months Following Neonatal Resuscitation in Rural Tanzania.

Early bag-mask ventilation (BMV) administered to non-breathing neonates at birth in the presence of birth asphyxia (interruption of placental blood flow) has reduced neonatal mortality by up to 50% in low- and middle-income countries. The neurodevelopmental outcome of neonates receiving BMV remains unknown. Using the Malawi Developmental Assessment Tool (MDAT), infants who received BMV at birth were assessed at 6 months, evaluating gross motor, fine motor, language and social skills.

Beyond research: improved perinatal care through scale-up of a Moyo fetal heart rate monitor coupled with simulation training in northern Tanzania for helping babies breathe.

Background: The purpose of this project was to improve perinatal survival by introducing Moyo Fetal Heart Rate (FHR) Monitor coupled with neonatal resuscitation simulation training.

Methods: The implementation was done at three district hospitals. We assessed health care workers' (HCW's) skills and perinatal death trends during implementation.

Positive End-Expiratory Pressure in Newborn Resuscitation Around Term: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: International guidelines for resuscitation recommend using positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) during ventilation of preterm newborns. Reliable PEEP-valves for self-inflating bags have been lacking, and effects of PEEP during resuscitation of term newborns are insufficiently studied. The objective was to determine if adding a new PEEP valve to the bag-mask during resuscitation of term and near-term newborns could improve heart rate response.

Delivery of Positive End-Expiratory Pressure Using Self-Inflating Bags during Newborn Resuscitation Is Possible Despite Mask Leak.

Background: Ventilation is the key intervention to resuscitate non-breathing newborns. Positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) may facilitate lung-liquid clearance and help establish functional residual capacity.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to describe how mask leak and ventilation rates affect delivered PEEP and tidal volumes during newborn resuscitations using a self-inflating bag with an integrated PEEP valve.

Automatic identification of stimulation activities during newborn resuscitation using ECG and accelerometer signals.

Background And Objective: Early neonatal death is a worldwide challenge with 1 million newborn deaths every year. The primary cause of these deaths are complications during labour and birth asphyxia. The majority of these newborns could have been saved with adequate resuscitation at birth.

Midwives' and Women's Perception on Moyo Fetal Heart Rate Monitor for Intrapartum Fetal Heart Rate Monitoring; A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: The annual global neonatal mortality stands at 2.5 million deaths, 1 million of them dying within the first day of life. An additional 2.

Pharmacokinetics of First-Line Drugs Among Children With Tuberculosis in Rural Tanzania.

Background: Dosing recommendations for treating childhood tuberculosis (TB) were revised by the World Health Organization, yet so far, pharmacokinetic studies that have evaluated these changes are relatively limited. We evaluated plasma drug concentrations of rifampicin (RIF), isoniazid (INH), pyrazinamide (PZA), and ethambutol (EMB) among children undergoing TB treatment in Tanzania when these dosing recommendations were being implemented.

Methods: At the end of intensive-phase TB therapy, blood was obtained 2 hours after witnessed medication administration to estimate the peak drug concentration (C2h), measured using high-performance liquid chromatography or liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry methods.

Fresh stillborn and severely asphyxiated neonates share a common hypoxic-ischemic pathway.

Objective: To characterize, among non-breathing flaccid neonates at delivery, immediate heartrate and responses to ventilation in relation to the clinical diagnosis of fresh stillbirth (FSB) or early neonatal death (END) within 24 hours.

Methods: The present cross-sectional study included all deliveries at Haydom Hospital in rural Tanzania between July 1, 2013, and July 31, 2016. Ventilation parameters and heartrate were recorded by monitors with ventilation and dry-electrocardiography sensors.

Born not breathing: A randomised trial comparing two self-inflating bag-masks during newborn resuscitation in Tanzania.

Aims: Effective ventilation is crucial to save non-breathing newborns. We compared standard equipment for newborn resuscitation to a new Upright bag, in an area with high neonatal mortality.

Methods: Newborns requiring resuscitation at Haydom Lutheran Hospital, Tanzania, were ventilated with 230ml standard or 320ml Upright bag-mask by weekly non-blinded block randomisation.