Salmonella enterica Serovar Diversity, Distribution, and Prevalence in Public-Access Waters from a Central California Coastal Leafy Green-Growing Region from 2011 to 2016.

Prevalence and serovar diversity of Salmonella enterica were measured during a 5-year survey of surface waters in a 500-mi agricultural region of the Central California Coast. Rivers, streams, lakes, and ponds were sampled bimonthly resulting in 2,979 samples. Overall prevalence was 56.

The Majority of Genotypes of the Virulence Gene inlA Are Intact among Natural Watershed Isolates of Listeria monocytogenes from the Central California Coast.

Internalin A is an essential virulence gene involved in the uptake of the foodborne pathogen Listeria monocytogenes into host cells. It is intact in clinical strains and often truncated due to Premature Stop Codons (PMSCs) in isolates from processed foods and processing facilities. Less information is known about environmental isolates.

Comparison of subtypes of Listeria monocytogenes isolates from naturally contaminated watershed samples with and without a selective secondary enrichment.

Two enrichment methods for Listeria monocytogenes using Immuno Magnetic Separation (IMS) were tested to determine if they selected the same subtypes of isolates. Both methods used a non-selective primary enrichment and one included subculture in Fraser Broth, while the other involved direct plating of IMS beads. Sixty-two naturally contaminated watershed samples from the Central California Coast were used as a source of L.

Diversity of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis pulsotypes, serovars, and antibiotic resistance among Salmonella isolates from wild amphibians and reptiles in the California Central Coast.

A survey of cold-blooded vertebrates and associated surface waters in a produce-growing region on the Central California Coast was done between May and September 2011 to determine the diversity of Salmonella. Samples from 460 amphibians and reptiles and 119 water samples were collected and cultured for Salmonella. Animals sampled were frogs (n=331), lizards (n=59), newts (n=5), salamanders (n=6), snakes (n=39), and toads (n=20).

Effect of enrichment medium on real-time detection of Salmonella enterica from lettuce and tomato enrichment cultures.

Three enrichment broths commonly used for detection of Salmonella (buffered peptone water [BPW], tryptic soy broth [TSB], and universal preenrichment broth [UPB]) were compared for use in real-time SYBR Green PCR detection of Salmonella introduced into enrichment cultures made from store-bought lettuce and tomatoes. The produce served as a source of normal plant microbiota to measure how well DNA-based detection methods for Salmonella work in a suspension of plant-associated bacteria that may be closely related to Salmonella. A qualitative assessment of the background microbiota that grew in the three enrichment broths cultures from tomato and lettuce samples revealed that different bacteria predominated in the different broths.

Previously uncharacterized Salmonella enterica genes required for swarming play a role in seedling colonization.

Incidences of bacterial foodborne illness caused by ingestion of fresh produce are rising. Instead of this being due to incidental contamination, the animal pathogen Salmonella enterica utilizes specific molecular mechanisms to attach to and colonize plants. This work characterizes two S.

Role of soil, crop debris, and a plant pathogen in Salmonella enterica contamination of tomato plants.

Background: In the U.S., tomatoes have become the most implicated vehicle for produce-associated Salmonellosis with 12 outbreaks since 1998.