Microcrystalline cellulose and itaconic acid pH sensitive semi-interpenetrating network hydrogel for oral insulin delivery.

Diabetes mellitus is one of the important causes of death worldwide. Generally, a subcutaneous route is used for insulin administration, but has showen low patient compliance. Extensive research has been conducted to identify molecules capable of delivering insulin orally, for this hydrogel based on microcrystalline cellulose and itaconic acid have been produced and explored.

pH-sensitive semi-interpenetrating network of microcrystalline cellulose and methacrylic acid hydrogel for the oral delivery of insulin.

Insulin is commonly administered to diabetic patients subcutaneously and has shown poor patient compliance. Due to this, research has been carried out extensively to find molecules that could deliver insulin orally. In this context, a new type of pH-responsive hydrogel, composed of microcrystalline cellulose and methacrylic acid-based hydrogels, has been developed and studied for the oral delivery of insulin.

Leveraging selective knockdown of gene by polyethyleneimine-siRNA-chitosan reduced gold nanoparticles to promote osteogenesis in MC3T3-E1 & MEF cells.

Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disorder characterized by reduced osteoblast differentiation, predominantly by overexpression of the gene. A layer-by-layer approach enabled encapsulation of siRNA to enhance the short half-life and poor transfection capacity of siRNA. Polyethyleneimine and siRNA on chitosan-coated gold nanoparticles (PEI/siRNA/Cs-AuNPs) were engineered using chitosan-reduced gold nanoparticles.

Neuroprotective potential of erucic acid via inhibition of N2a cell lines and rotenone induced Parkinson's disease rat model.

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the potential for erucic acid (EA), an omega-9 monounsaturated fatty acid, to act as a neuroprotective agent.

Materials And Methods: In this study, EA was investigated against N2a cell lines and a rotenone (ROT)-induced model of Parkinson's disease for its neuroprotective potential. The N2a cell line was incubated with fetal bovine serum, penicillin, and streptomycin supplemented with Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium, and the following assays were carried out: (i) MTT, (ii) biocompatibility, (iii) DCFDA, and (iv) diphenylamine.

Nanoparticles for combined photo- and chemo-dynamic therapy of cancer cells involving endogenous glutathione depletion.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are powerful weapons for various anticancer therapies. However, high glutathione (GSH) levels in cancer cells can significantly reduce the efficacy of such therapies. In this study, pH-responsive fluorescein-encapsulated zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 nanoparticles were synthesized for ROS-mediated combination therapy.

Engineering biosafe cisplatin loaded nanostructured lipid carrier: optimisation, synthesis, pharmacokinetics and biodistribution.

Low aqueous solubility, adverse effects of Cisplatin includes hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity necessitates development of nanoparticulate drug delivery. The study pertains to development of CisNLC (Cisplatin loaded Nanostructured Lipid Carrier) by ultrasonication. Physical characterisation includes particle size, zeta potential, TEM, SEM-EDX, DSC.

Solid Self-Nano Emulsifying Nanoplatform Loaded with Tamoxifen and Resveratrol for Treatment of Breast Cancer.

The solid self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (s-SNEDDS) is a growing platform for the delivery of drugs via oral route. In the present work, tamoxifen (TAM) was loaded in SNEDDS with resveratrol (RES), which is a potent chemotherapeutic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and P-gp inhibitor for enhancing bioavailability and to obtain synergistic anti-cancer effect against breast cancer. SNEDDS were developed using capmul MCM as oil, Tween 80 as surfactant and transcutol-HP as co-surfactant and optimized by central composite rotatable design.

Combinatorial delivery of Ribociclib and green tea extract mediated nanostructured lipid carrier for oral delivery for the treatment of breast cancer synchronising , , and studies.

Purpose: The current research investigated the development and evaluation of dual drug-loaded nanostructure lipidic carriers (NLCs) of green tea extract and Ribociclib.

Method: study were performed to determine the effectiveness of combinational approach. The prepared NLCs were subjected to drug release, lipolysis, haemolysis and cell line studies to assess their prospect.

Ribociclib Nanostructured Lipid Carrier Aimed for Breast Cancer: Formulation Optimization, Attenuating Specification, and Scrutinization.

Purpose: The current investigation is on the explicit development and evaluation of nanostructured lipidic carriers (NLCs) through the oral route to overcome the inherent lacuna of chemotherapeutic drug, in which Ribociclib (RBO) was used for breast cancer to diminish the bioavailability issue.

Method: The RBO-NLCs were prepared using the solvent evaporation method and optimized method by the Box-Behnken design (BBD). Various assessment parameters characterized the optimized formulation and their study.

Iron Oxide-Based Magneto-Optical Nanocomposites for In Vivo Biomedical Applications.

Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) have played a pivotal role in the development of nanomedicine owing to their versatile functions at the nanoscale, which facilitates targeted delivery, high contrast imaging, and on-demand therapy. Some biomedical inadequacies of IONPs on their own, such as the poor resolution of IONP-based Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), can be overcome by co-incorporating optical probes onto them, which can be either molecule- or nanoparticulate-based. Optical probe incorporated IONPs, together with two prominent non-ionizing radiation sources (i.

Redox resetting of cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer cells by cisplatin-encapsulated nanostructured lipid carriers.

To sensitize cisplatin (Cis)-resistant ovarian cancer cells toward Cis using Cis-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers (CisNLCs). CisNLCs were synthesized and characterized using dynamic light scattering, Fourier transform IR and x-ray diffraction (XRD). Sensitivity of PA-1 and CaOV3 cells to Cis and its biotoxicity were assessed.

FeCo nanoparticles as antibacterial agents with improved response in magnetic field: An insight into the associated toxicity mechanism.

The emergence of multi-drug resistant bacterial infections has resulted in increased interest in the development of alternative systems which can sensitize bacteria to overcome resistance. In an attempt to contribute to the existing literature of potential antibacterial agents, we present here, a first report of the antibacterial potential of FeCo nanoparticles, both as stand-alone devices and in presence of magnetic field, against the bacterial strains of S. aureus and E.

Hyaluronate-functionalized hydroxyapatite nanoparticles laden with methotrexate and teriflunomide for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), an autoimmune inflammatory disorder is currently incurable. Methotrexate and Teriflunomide are routinely prescribed drugs but their uses are limited due to severe hepatotoxicity. Hyaluronic acid (HYA) is a targeting ligand for CD44 receptors overexpressed on inflamed macrophages.

A versatile tool in controlling aggregation and Ag nanoparticles assisted in vitro folding of thermally denatured zDHFR.

Background: Proteins have tendency to form inactive aggregates at higher temperatures due to thermal instability. Maintenance of thermal stability is essential to gain the protein in sufficient quantity and biologically active form during their commercial production.

Methods: BL21-DE3 Rosetta cells which contains plasmid pET43.

Use Chou's 5-steps rule to evaluate protective efficacy induced by antigenic proteins of Mycobacterium tuberculosis encapsulated in chitosan nanoparticles.

The study focuses on whether antigenic proteins encapsulated in biopolymeric nanoparticles can augment protective efficacy. Chitosan nanoparticles (ChN) were prepared by ionic gelation method and Culture Filtrate Proteins (CFP) - CFP-10 and CFP-21 of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) were encapsulated in ChN. The binding efficiency of nanoparticles with CFP-10 and CFP-21 proteins was confirmed by UV-Spectrophotometer.

Role of folate-conjugated glycol-chitosan nanoparticles in modulating the activated macrophages to ameliorate inflammatory arthritis: in vitro and in vivo activities.

Activated macrophages are the primary targets in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) management. So, we report efficacious, dual-functional Methotrexate (MTX) loaded folate-conjugated pH-responsive glycol-chitosan nanoparticles (MFGCN) prepared by nano-precipitation and zero-order cross-linking reaction for targeting inflamed arthritic tissue. Physical characterization by DLS, SEM and TEM indicated a spherical, smooth morphology with a diameter ~ 300 nm.

Design and development of bioinspired calcium phosphate nanoparticles of MTX: pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic evaluation.

The aim of this investigation is the management of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) by developing methotrexate-loaded calcium phosphate nanoparticles (MTX-CAP-NP) and to evaluate pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic behavior in adjuvant induced arthritis model. The nanoparticles were synthesized by wet precipitation method and optimized by Box-Behnken experimental design. MTX-CAP-NPs were characterized by TEM, FTIR, DSC and XRD studies.

Co-Delivery of Teriflunomide and Methotrexate from Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles for the Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis: In Vitro Characterization, Pharmacodynamic and Biochemical Investigations.

Purpose: The present investigation was aimed at developing Teriflunomide (TEF) and Methotrexate (MTX) loaded hydroxyapatite nanoparticles and increasing tolerability towards combination therapy against rheumatoid arthritis by reducing hepatotoxicity.

Methods: Drug-loaded HAp-NPs were synthesized by wet-chemical precipitation method and optimized by Box-Behnken experimental design. The developed NPs were subjected to in vitro and in vivo characterization.

Characterization of genetic predisposition and autoantibody profile in atypical haemolytic-uraemic syndrome.

We previously reported that Indian paediatric patients with atypical haemolytic-uraemic syndrome (aHUS) showed high frequencies of anti-complement factor H (FH) autoantibodies that are correlated with homozygous deletion of the genes for FH-related proteins 1 and 3 (FHR1 and FHR3) (FHR1/3 ). We now report that Indian paediatric aHUS patients without anti-FH autoantibodies also showed modestly higher frequencies of the FHR1/3 genotype. Further, when we characterized epitope specificities and binding avidities of anti-FH autoantibodies in aHUS patients, most anti-FH autoantibodies were directed towards the FH cell-surface anchoring polyanionic binding site-containing C-terminal short conservative regions (SCRs) 17-20 with higher binding avidities than for native FH.

Combined Raloxifene and Letrozole for Breast Cancer Patients.

Raloxifene, an anti-osteoporotic drug, is recently approved for prevention of breast cancer in postmenopausal women and thus the drug may be employed to combat the bony adverse effects of letrozole, another anticancer drug. However, the cytotoxic effect of their combination on human breast cancer (MCF-7) and human embryonic kidney (HEK) cell lines is not known. MCF-7 and HEK cell lines were treated with different graded doses of letrozole, raloxifene and their combination, then incubated for 24-48 h.

Preparation and evaluation of biopolymeric nanoparticles as drug delivery system in effective treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.

Purpose: The study purposes to evaluate nanocrystalline biopolymeric nanoparticles encapsulating methotrexate and dexamethasone with high biocompatibility, enhanced therapeutic efficacy and reduced toxicity.

Methods: Chitosan nanoparticles were prepared by ionic gelation, and Methotrexate (MTX) and Dexamethasone (DEX) were loaded during the preparation and screened for their in vitro efficacy in HEK and RAW264.7 cells, ex vivo and in vivo efficacy.