Negligence in biomedical research: an anti-racist approach for substance use researchers.

Racism is embedded in the fabric of society at structural, disciplinary, hegemonic, and interpersonal levels, working as a mechanism that drives health disparities. In particular, stigmatized views of substance use get entangled with racialization, serving as a tool to uphold oppressive systems. While national health institutions have made commitments to dismantle these systems in the United States, anti-racism has not been integrated into biomedical research practice.

"Ripping Off the Band-Aid": uncovering future health care Professionals' "Fractured Knowledge" about sexual and reproductive health.

Background: Research has shown the role of identity on future health professionals' confidence and competence in addressing the sexual and reproductive health (SRH) needs of their patients. While there has been some work in increasing the sexual health literacy of future providers via various curricular approaches and comprehensive clinical-based training, there are research gaps on how social differences around identity impact future healthcare professionals' knowledge and practices around SRH.

Objectives: This article presents research findings on the experiences of US undergraduate students attending a campus that provides training in the health sciences and health professions.

Creating a sustainable action-oriented engagement infrastructure-a UMN-MIDB perspective.

Following the murder of George Floyd on May 25, 2020, Minneapolis represented the epicenter of protests that would reverberate internationally and re-instantiate a reckoning of the systemic and institutional racism that plagues American society. Also in the summer of 2020, and after several years of planning, the University of Minnesota (UMN) launched the Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain (MIDB), an interdisciplinary clinical and community research enterprise designed to create knowledge and engage all members of our community. In what follows, we describe the mission of the MIDB Community Engagement and Education (CEEd) Core and adjacent efforts within the UMN neuroscience and psychology community.

Modulation of Peroxynitrite Reduces Norepinephrine Requirements in Ovine MRSA Septic Shock.

Vascular hypo-responsiveness to vasopressors during septic shock is a challenging problem. This study is to test the hypothesis that reactive nitrogen species (RNS), such as peroxynitrite, are major contributing factors to vascular hypo-responsiveness in septic shock. We hypothesized that adjunct therapy with peroxynitrite decomposition catalyst (PDC) would reduce norepinephrine requirements in sepsis resuscitation.

Blood-Brain Barrier Dysfunction After Smoke Inhalation Injury, With and Without Skin Burn.

Only a handful of published reports exist today that describe neurological complications following smoke inhalation injury. In this study, we characterize acute pathophysiological changes in the brain of sheep exposed to smoke inhalation, with- and without third-degree skin burn that models the injuries sustained by human victims of fire accidents. Blood-brain barrier integrity and hemorrhage were analyzed throughout the brain using specific histological stains: Hematoxylin & Eosin, Luxol fast blue, Periodic acid-Schiff (PAS), and Martius, Scarlet and Blue (MSB).

The role of glial-specific Kir4.1 in normal and pathological states of the CNS.

Kir4.1 is an inwardly rectifying K(+) channel expressed exclusively in glial cells in the central nervous system. In glia, Kir4.