Massive parallel sequencing unveils homologous recombination deficiency in follicular dendritic cell sarcoma.

Standardized treatment options are lacking for patients with unresectable or multifocal follicular dendritic cell sarcoma (FDCS) and disease-related mortality is as high as 20%. Applying whole-genome sequencing (WGS) in one case and whole-exome sequencing (WES) in additional twelve cases, this study adds information on the molecular landscape of FDCS, expanding knowledge on pathobiological mechanisms and identifying novel markers of potential theragnostic significance. Massive parallel sequencing showed high frequency of mutations on oncosuppressor genes, particularly in RB1, CARS and BRCA2 and unveiled alterations on homologous recombination DNA damage repair-related genes in 70% (9/13) of cases.

Report of a Case With Clinical and Pathologic Features of Castleman Disease That Predates Castleman's Report by More Than 50 Years.

Context.—: In 1954, Benjamin Castleman, MD, described what was then believed to be a new entity in lymph node pathology. Initially labeled "Hyperplasia of the mediastinal node" and then "Localized mediastinal lymph node hyperplasia resembling thymoma," we now recognize the condition with the eponym "Castleman disease.

Extranodal Follicular Dendritic Cell Sarcoma-A Review: "What the Mind Does Not Know the Eye Does Not See".

Follicular dendritic cell sarcoma (FDCS) is an intermediate-grade malignancy of follicular dendritic cells, which are derived from mesenchymal stem cells. Nodal FDCS is well-recognized. However, when it occurs at an extranodal site, it may not be recognized and is often misdiagnosed.

Role of SMARCA4 (BRG1) and SMARCB1 (INI1) in Dedifferentiated Endometrial Carcinoma With Paradoxical Aberrant Expression of MMR in the Well-Differentiated Component: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Introduction: Dedifferentiated endometrial carcinoma is an uncommon highly aggressive uterine tumor. It comprises 2 components: a well-differentiated, low-grade epithelial carcinoma and an undifferentiated carcinoma. The undifferentiated carcinoma frequently exhibits rhabdoid cytologic features.

Role of Electron Microscopy in Early Detection of Altered Epithelium During Experimental Oral Carcinogenesis.

Early detection of altered epithelium can help in controlling the further progression by timely intervention. Alterations in cellular adhesion are one of the hallmarks of cancer progression, which can be detected at the intracellular level using high-resolution electron microscopy. This study aimed to evaluate the role of electron microscopy in the establishment of ultrastructural markers for early detection of altered epithelium using tissues from 4-Nitroquinoline-1-Oxide (4NQO) induced rat tongue carcinogenesis.

Chromosomal Alterations and Gene Expression Changes Associated with the Progression of Leukoplakia to Advanced Gingivobuccal Cancer.

We present an integrative genome-wide analysis that can be used to predict the risk of progression from leukoplakia to oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) arising in the gingivobuccal complex (GBC). We find that the genomic and transcriptomic profiles of leukoplakia resemble those observed in later stages of OSCC and that several changes are associated with this progression, including amplification of 8q24.3, deletion of 8p23.

Identification of novel follicular dendritic cell sarcoma markers, FDCSP and SRGN, by whole transcriptome sequencing.

Follicular dendritic cell (FDC)-sarcoma is a rare neoplasm with morphologic and phenotypic features of FDCs. It shows an extremely heterogeneous morphology, therefore, its diagnosis relys on the phenotype of tumor cells. Aim of the present study was the identification of new specific markers for FDC-sarcoma by whole transcriptome sequencing (WTS).

Distinctive Histogenesis and Immunological Microenvironment Based on Transcriptional Profiles of Follicular Dendritic Cell Sarcomas.

Follicular dendritic cell (FDC) sarcomas are rare mesenchymal tumors with variable clinical, morphologic, and phenotypic characteristics. Transcriptome analysis was performed on multiple FDC sarcomas and compared with other mesenchymal tumors, microdissected Castleman FDCs, and normal fibroblasts. Using unsupervised analysis, FDC sarcomas clustered with microdissected FDCs, distinct from other mesenchymal tumors and fibroblasts.

miRNA expression profiling divides follicular dendritic cell sarcomas into two groups, related to fibroblasts and myopericytomas or Castleman's disease.

Follicular dendritic cell (FDC) sarcomas are rare mesenchymal tumours, which are fatal in 20% of the patients and usually occur in secondary lymphoid organs or extranodal localizations. Due to the rareness of these tumours, only few studies have been conducted on molecular level. In the present study, we performed microRNA (miRNA) profiling of 31 FDC sarcomas and identified two subgroups, one with high miRNA expression and the other group with low miRNA expression levels.

Primary Liver Sinusoidal Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma Presenting as Acute Liver Failure.

We describe a case of a middle-aged woman, who presented to us with fever, anorexia, abdominal distension from a massive hepatomegaly, low hemoglobin, and acute liver failure. A liver biopsy revealed B cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma predominantly in the sinusoids with CD10, CD20, and Bcl-2 positive on immunohistochemistry. She initially responded well to chemotherapy but succumbed 6 months later to the recurrence of disease.

Clinicopathological features of five unusual cases of intraosseous myoepithelial carcinomas, mimicking conventional primary bone tumours, including EWSR1 rearrangement in one case.

Primary intraosseous myoepithelial tumours, including carcinomas are rare tumours. The concept of histopathological spectrum of these tumours is evolving. We describe clinicopathological and immunohistochemical features of five myoepithelial carcinomas, including molecular cytogenetic results in one case.

Sclerotium rolfsii lectin induces stronger inhibition of proliferation in human breast cancer cells than normal human mammary epithelial cells by induction of cell apoptosis.

Sclerotium rolfsii lectin (SRL) isolated from the phytopathogenic fungus Sclerotium rolfsii has exquisite binding specificity towards O-linked, Thomsen-Freidenreich (Galβ1-3GalNAcα1-Ser/Thr, TF) associated glycans. This study investigated the influence of SRL on proliferation of human breast cancer cells (MCF-7 and ZR-75), non-tumorigenic breast epithelial cells (MCF-10A) and normal mammary epithelial cells (HMECs). SRL caused marked, dose-dependent, inhibition of proliferation of MCF-7 and ZR-75 cells but only weak inhibition of proliferation of non-tumorigenic MCF-10A and HMEC cells.

Enteropathy associated T cell lymphoma-monomorphic variant, presenting as bilateral ovarian masses.

Enteropathy associated T cell lymphoma (EATL) is a rare type of T-cell lymphoma, often associated with a history of celiac disease. It usually arises in the jejunum, but can involve other gastrointestinal tract sites such as stomach and colon. Monomorphic variant of EATL often occurs without a history of celiac disease, has variable histologic evidence of enteropathy, and is usually CD56 +.

Ovarian haemangioma: A rare case report.

Introduction: Haemangioma of ovary is a rare tumour.

Presentation Of Case: We report an ovarian haemangioma which presented as an acute abdomen due to an adnexal mass.

Discussion: We report an ovarian haemangioma which presented as an acute abdomen due to an adnexal mass.

Understanding the role of keratins 8 and 18 in neoplastic potential of breast cancer derived cell lines.

Background: Breast cancer is a complex disease which cannot be defined merely by clinical parameters like lymph node involvement and histological grade, or by routinely used biomarkers like estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PGR) and epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) in diagnosis and prognosis. Breast cancer originates from the epithelial cells. Keratins (K) are cytoplasmic intermediate filament proteins of epithelial cells and changes in the expression pattern of keratins have been seen during malignant transformation in the breast.

Alterations in keratins and associated proteins during 4- Nitroquinoline-1-oxide induced rat oral carcinogenesis.

Background: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the sixth largest group of malignancies globally and the single largest group of malignancies in the Indian subcontinent. Despite the advances in treatment and therapeutic modalities the five year survival rate of OSCC has not changed in the last few decades, and remains less than 40%. Several studies have focused on defining molecular markers that can either detect cancer at an early stage or can predict patient's outcome.

The TF-antigen binding lectin from Sclerotium rolfsii inhibits growth of human colon cancer cells by inducing apoptosis in vitro and suppresses tumor growth in vivo.

Glycan array analysis of Sclerotium rolfsii lectin (SRL) revealed its exquisite binding specificity to the oncofetal Thomsen-Friedenreich (Galβ1-3GalNAcα-O-Ser/Thr, T or TF) antigen and its derivatives. This study shows that SRL strongly inhibits the growth of human colon cancer HT29 and DLD-1 cells by binding to cell surface glycans and induction of apoptosis through both the caspase-8 and -9 mediated signaling. SRL showed no or very weak binding to normal human colon tissues but strong binding to cancerous and metastatic tissues.

Evidence for the presence of high risk human papillomavirus in retinoblastoma tissue from nonfamilial retinoblastoma in developing countries.

Background: The prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in India is high. HPV infection is known to cause cervical cancer and has also been implicated in the pathogenesis of retinoblastoma (RB), a common intraocular malignant tumor of childhood which can be familial or sporadic. Despite the high incidence of RB in India, its familial form is rare.

Angiogenic ability of metastatic squamous carcinoma in the cervical lymph nodes from unknown primary tumours.

Objectives: To study angiogenesis in metastasis of unknown primary (MUP) to support the authors' hypothesis that MUPs are of a low angiogenic phenotype and are able to undergo metastasis in spite of an unknown primary.

Patients And Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on paraffin blocks obtained from 50 cases of MUP and 52 cases of metastasis of known primary (MKP) from 1 January 2000 to December 2003. A prospective analysis was performed on fresh tissues from 22 cases of MUP and 26 cases of MKP.

Clinicopathological and prognostic implications of genetic alterations in oral cancers.

This study evaluated the clinicopathological and prognostic implications of genetic alterations characterizing oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC). Comparative genomic hybridization(CGH) was used to identify chromosomal alterations present in primary OSCCs obtained from 97 pateints. In this population, tobacco use was a significant risk factor for OSCC.

Genomic profiling of advanced-stage oral cancers reveals chromosome 11q alterations as markers of poor clinical outcome.

Identifying oral cancer lesions associated with high risk of relapse and predicting clinical outcome remain challenging questions in clinical practice. Genomic alterations may add prognostic information and indicate biological aggressiveness thereby emphasizing the need for genome-wide profiling of oral cancers. High-resolution array comparative genomic hybridization was performed to delineate the genomic alterations in clinically annotated primary gingivo-buccal complex and tongue cancers (n = 60).