Pain Outcomes Following Endoscopic Microvascular Decompression for Trigeminal Neuralgia Based on Vascular Compression Type.

 Arterial compression of the trigeminal nerve at the root entry zone has been the long-attributed cause of compressive trigeminal neuralgia despite numerous studies reporting distal and/or venous compression. The impact of compression type on patient outcomes has not been fully elucidated.  We categorized vascular compression (VC) based on vessel and location of compression to correlate pain outcomes based on compression type.

The FDA Reclassification of Cervical Pedicle and Lateral Mass Screws: A Case Study in Regulatory History.

The classification of medical devices by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) involves rigorous scrutiny from specialized panels that designate devices as Class I, II, or III depending on their levels of relative risk to patient health. Posterior rigid pedicle screw systems were first classified by the FDA in 1984 and have since revolutionized the treatment of many spine pathologies. Despite this early classification by the FDA, posterior cervical pedicle and lateral mass screws were not reclassified from unclassified to Class III and then to Class II until 2019, nearly 35 years after their initial classification.

Incidental Durotomy Repair in Lumbar Spine Surgery: Institutional Experience and Review of Literature.

Study Design: : Retrospective Chart Review.

Objectives: Incidental durotomies (IDs) are common spine surgery complications. In this study, we present a review on the most commonly utilized management strategies, report our institutional experience with case examples, and describe a stepwise management algorithm.

Do-It-Yourself Augmented Reality Heads-Up Display (DIY AR-HUD): A Technical Note.

Background: We present a "Do-It-Yourself" method to build an affordable augmented reality heads-up display system (AR-HUD) capable of displaying intraoperative images. All components are commercially available products, which the surgeons may use in their own practice for educational and research purposes.

Methods: Moverio BT 35-E smart glasses were connected to operating room imaging modalities (ie, fluoroscopy and 3D navigation platforms) via a high-definition multimedia interface (HDMI) converter, allowing for continuous high-definition video transmission.

Stereotactic radiosurgery for treatment of radiation-induced meningiomas: a multiinstitutional study.

Objective: Radiation-induced meningiomas (RIMs) are associated with aggressive clinical behavior. Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) is sometimes considered for selected RIMs. The authors investigated the effectiveness and safety of SRS for the management of RIMs.

Stereotactic radiosurgery with versus without prior Onyx embolization for brain arteriovenous malformations.

Objective: Investigations of the combined effects of neoadjuvant Onyx embolization and stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) on brain arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) have not accounted for initial angioarchitectural features prior to neuroendovascular intervention. The aim of this retrospective, multicenter matched cohort study is to compare the outcomes of SRS with versus without upfront Onyx embolization for AVMs using de novo characteristics of the preembolized nidus.

Methods: The International Radiosurgery Research Foundation AVM databases from 1987 to 2018 were retrospectively reviewed.

Stereotactic Radiosurgery With Versus Without Embolization for Brain Arteriovenous Malformations.

Background: Prior comparisons of brain arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) treated using stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) with or without embolization were inherently flawed, due to differences in the pretreatment nidus volumes.

Objective: To compare the outcomes of embolization and SRS, vs SRS alone for AVMs using pre-embolization malformation features.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed International Radiosurgery Research Foundation AVM databases from 1987 to 2018.

Embolization of Brain Arteriovenous Malformations With Versus Without Onyx Before Stereotactic Radiosurgery.

Background: Embolization of brain arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) using ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer (Onyx) embolization may influence the treatment effects of stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) differently than other embolysates.

Objective: To compare the outcomes of pre-SRS AVM embolization with vs without Onyx through a multicenter, retrospective matched cohort study.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed International Radiosurgery Research Foundation AVM databases from 1987 to 2018.

The Use of a Novel Heads-Up Display (HUD) to View Intra-Operative X-Rays During a One-Level Cervical Arthroplasty.

Background: In a standard surgical operating room, advanced imaging is projected on a separate monitor screen away from the surgical field of view. This setup requires surgeons to repeatedly shift their attention between the operative field and a screen. Such movement may result in a disruption of focus that can extend surgical time, cause physical strain, and lead to surgical errors.

Proximal junctional kyphosis following T10-pelvis fusion presenting with neurologic compromise: case presentations and review of the literature.

Proximal Junctional Kyphosis (PJK) is a well-documented phenomenon following spinal instrumented fusion. Myelopathy associated with proximal junctional failure (PJF) is poorly described in the literature. Adjacent segment disease, fracture above the upper instrumented vertebrae and subluxation may all cause cord compression, ambulatory dysfunction, and/or lower extremity weakness in the postoperative period.

Complication Rates During Endoscopic Microvascular Decompression Surgery Are Low With or Without Petrosal Vein Sacrifice.

Objective: Endoscopic-microvascular decompression (E-MVD) is a well-described treatment for trigeminal neuralgia (TGN), but there has been debate on the safety of intraoperative sacrifice of the petrosal vein (PV) due to concern for subsequent venous insufficiency. Our objective was to investigate the risk of PV sacrifice during E-MVD in TGN and subsequent postoperative complications and pain outcomes.

Methods: 5 five-year review yielded 201 patients who underwent MVD for TGN.

Microbial supernatants from Mobiluncus mulieris, a bacteria strongly associated with spontaneous preterm birth, disrupts the cervical epithelial barrier through inflammatory and miRNA mediated mechanisms.

Recent human clinical studies have identified Mobiluncus mulieris, a fastidious strict anaerobic bacterium present in the cervicovaginal (CV) space, as being strongly associated with spontaneous preterm birth (sPTB). However, the molecular mechanisms that underlie this association remain unknown. As disruption of the cervical epithelial barrier has been shown to contribute to the premature cervical remodeling that precedes sPTB, we hypothesize that M.