Range in the Use and Realization of in African American English.

This paper jointly considers syntactic, semantic, and phonological/phonetic factors in approaching an understanding of , a remote past marker in African American English that has been described as "stressed." It brings together data from the Corpus of Regional African American Language (CORAAL) and a production study in a small African American English-speaking community in southwest Louisiana to investigate the use and phonetic realization of constructions. Only 20 instances of constructions were found in CORAAL.