The dynamics of nitrous oxide and methane emissions from various types of dairy manure at smallholder dairy farms as affected by storage periods.

Storing manure emits greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, including nitrous oxide (NO) and methane (CH). However, the emissions from types of manure stored at smallholder dairy farms remains unknown. Hence, the study aims to analyse the dynamics of NO and CH from different types of dairy manure as affected by storage periods.

Physical abuse in adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Covid-19 has now spread to almost all parts of the world which has caused changes in the social order of life for humans. The spread of Covid-19 in Indonesia is relatively high, so the Indonesian government has adopted a policy using social distancing (large-scale social restrictions). Various pressures experienced by residents tend to result in excessive stress and emotions.

Radiographic anatomy of the heart of fruit bats.

As the only mammal that can fly, bats have organ systems with a unique morphophysiology. One of the highlights is the heart and blood circulation system, which must be able to meet the needs of blood and oxygen supply when flying. This study examined the radiography of the normal condition of the heart organ in 3 species of fruit bats, namely Cynopterus titthaecheilus, Cynopterus brachyotis and Rousettus leschenaultii using radiological silhouette analysis and clock analogy.

Extracellular matrix composition of different spleen compartments of fruit bats.

The distribution and composition of extracellular matrix (ECM) of the spleen in two species of fruit bats, namely Cynopterus titthaecheilus and Rousettus leschenaultii, were examined by histochemistry and immunohistochemistry. Reticular fibres accompanied by laminin were identified to make up the splenic stromal network. Types I and III collagen were identified in various spleen compartments with varying intensities.

The spleen morphophysiology of fruit bats.

Spleen is one of the important lymphoid organs with wide variations of morphological and physiological functions according to species. Morphology and function of the spleen in bats, which are hosts to several viral strains without exhibiting clinical symptoms, remain to be fully elucidated. This study aims to examine the spleen morphology of fruit bats associated with their physiological functions.