Quality of life in children at different stages of chronic kidney disease in a developing country.

Background: Children with chronic kidney disease (CKD) require comprehensive assessments, including medical and quality of life (QoL) evaluations. Few studies have been conducted in developing countries.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 2-18-year-old patients who were categorized into 4 groups: the CKD stage 2-3, stage 4-5, stage 5 with dialysis (D), and kidney transplantation (KT) groups.

The incidence and factors associated with dysnatremia in children with acute gastritis/gastroenteritis.

Background: The incidence of dysnatremia in children with acute gastritis/gastroenteritis varies, and factors associated with either dysnatremia or hyponatremia at presentation have not been identified clearly.

Methods: This retrospective study included patients aged 1 month to 18 years hospitalized for community-acquired acute gastritis/gastroenteritis from January to October 2016. Factors associated with dysnatremia at presentation were identified using multivariable analysis.

Immunogenicity and safety of BNT162b2 vaccination in adolescents with systemic lupus erythematosus.

Objectives: We evaluated the immunogenicity and safety of BNT162b2 vaccination in adolescents with systemic lupus erythematosus (adoSLE) receiving either high- or low-dose immunosuppressant (High-IS and Low-IS).

Methods: Patients aged 12-18 years diagnosed with SLE were enrolled. High-IS was defined as >7.

Effect of peritoneal dialysate on bioelectrical impedance analysis variability in pediatric patients receiving peritoneal dialysis.

Background: Previous adult studies have yielded conflicting results regarding whether the presence (D +) or absence (D-) of peritoneal dialysate affects the accuracy of bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) measurements. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the accuracy of BIA data varies between D + and D- measurements in children.

Methods: This cross-sectional study recruited chronic kidney disease stage 5 patients aged 3 to 18 years who received peritoneal dialysis.

Dysnatremia and subsequent sodium level changes following various intravenous treatments in infants with acute gastroenteritis.

Acute gastroenteritis is one of the main causes of electrolyte imbalance in infants. We aimed to determine the frequency of and factors associated with dysnatremia at presentation and establish the ideal intravenous treatment scheme. The records of hospitalized infants aged 1-12 months with community-acquired acute gastroenteritis between January 2017 and March 2021 were retrospectively reviewed.

Prevalence of cognitive dysfunction and its risk factors in children with chronic kidney disease in a developing country.

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with cognitive dysfunction. Cognitive function in children with CKD residing in developing countries has not been previously reported.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included children aged 6-18 years with CKD stages 2-5D and kidney transplant.

REPEATED SCLEROTHERAPY SUCCESSFULLY TREATS A CHILD WITH IDIOPATHIC CHYLURIA: A CASE REPORT.

We describe a clinical course of idiopathic chyluria in a previously healthy 8-year-old Thai boy, with a 1-year history of cloudy white urine undergoing antibiotic treatment. The patient was investigated for the causes but they all proved negative. Cystoscopy and retrograde pyelography demonstrated a renolymphatic fistula of the right kidney.

Delayed Therapeutic Response Time Predicts Renal Damage in the First Episode of Febrile Urinary Tract Infection.

Objective: To evaluate the relationship of therapeutic delay time (TDT) and therapeutic response time (TRT) with renal damage in the first episode of febrile urinary tract infection (UTI).

Material And Method: A prospective study was conducted in 67 children with the first episode of UTI at the Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital between 2008 and 2010. To assess for renal damage, dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) renal scintigraphy was performed at one and six months after the acute episode.

Juvenile gout in methylmalonic acidemia.

Methylmalonic acidemia (MMA) is an inborn error of metabolism caused by either deficiency of the enzyme methylmalonyl-CoA mutase or a defect in adenosyl-cobalamin synthesis. Chronic kidney disease is its common complication and, in combination with persistent acidosis, leads to hyperuricemia. Symptomatic hyperuricemia or gout, however, has not been reported in MMA.

Tacrolimus in steroid resistant and steroid dependent childhood nephrotic syndrome.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of tacrolimus (Tac) in steroid resistant and steroid dependent nephrotic syndrome (NS) in children.

Material And Method: Retrospective chart reviews of 18 children from outpatient clinic at the Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital were diagnosed with steroid resistant (SR) and steroid dependent (SD) NS during 2002-2008 were enrolled in the present study

Results: The boy to girl ratio was 2:1. The mean age at diagnosis was 6.

Outcomes and predictive factors of pediatric kidney transplants: an analysis of the Thai Transplant Registry.

As universal coverage for pediatric kidney transplantation (KT) was introduced in Thailand in 2008, the number of recipients has been increasing. We evaluated predictive factors for graft failure to understand how to improve clinical outcomes in these children. Using data obtained from the National Transplant registry, we assessed the risk of graft failure using the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazards regression.

Combined renin angiotensin blockade in childhood steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome.

Background: Reduced proteinuria results in delayed deterioration of renal function and remission of proteinuria predicts a good long-term prognosis in steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS). The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of the combined angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor and angiotensin II receptor blocker in reducing proteinuria in SRNS.

Methods: A prospective study of eight patients with SRNS was conducted at the Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University from September 2003 to December 2007.

Prevalence and clinicopathologic findings of antiphospholipid syndrome nephropathy in Thai systemic lupus erythematosus patients who underwent renal biopsies.

Aim: To determine the prevalence of antiphospholipid syndrome nephropathy (APSN) in Thai systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients who underwent renal biopsy and to compare the relationship of renal histopathology and other significant clinical parameters between SLE patients with and without APSN.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was undertaken in systemic lupus erythematosus patients (n = 150, 44 <15 years old, 106 0e;15 years old) who underwent renal biopsy. The specimens were evaluated for histological features of APSN and other significant clinical parameters.

The relation of vesicoureteral reflux and renal scarring in childhood urinary tract infection.

Objective: Assess the relation of age and sex in vesico ureteral reflux (VUR) and renal scarring and the relation of VUR and renal scarring in childhood urinary tract infection.

Material And Method: A descriptive study of one hundred and twenty-six children who received renal cortical scintigraphy from 1st Jan 2000 to 31st Dec 2004 in the Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, was conducted. Ninety-three (50 males, 43 females) patients were diagnosed with urinary tract infections (UTIs) but only ninety-one of them had renal cortical scintigraphic results available.

Persistent hypertension in Thai children: etiologies and outcome.

A retrospective study was done in 66 children (0.21% of all admitted children) below the age of 18 years with persistent hypertension diagnosed at the Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital from Jan 1999 to Dec 2003. Male to female ratio was 1.

Immune-mediated hemolytic anemia in pediatric renal transplantation.

The aim of the study was to demonstrate clinical course of the first reported cases of PLS in pediatric kidney transplantation and therapeutic outcome for such condition using a combination of high-dose corticosteroid and tacrolimus. We report a single case (a nine-year-old Thai boy) with end-stage kidney disease secondary to obstructive uropathy developed immune-mediated hemolytic anemia from the PLS at second week after a pre-emptive living-related kidney transplantation. The alloimmune hemolysis was a result of anti-B antibodies, derived from blood group O-donor lymphocytes.

Pediatric systemic lupus erythematosus in Siriraj Hospital.

A descriptive study of one hundred and one pediatric patients with systemic lupus erythematosus treated between July 1985 and March 2003 in Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital was conducted. According to existing database, there were a total of 181 patients, 101 of them (55.8%) had available data for review.

Systemic lupus erythematosus in Thai children: clinicopathologic findings and outcome in 82 patients.

Objectives: To define the patterns of clinicopathologic findings and to identify the risk factors for renal failure and mortality of childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in Thailand.

Material And Method: The study is a retrospective analysis of clinical manifestations, laboratory data, and pathologic findings, treatment modalities, and outcome of 82 patients with biopsy-proven lupus nephritis (LN) with disease onset between I January 1987 and 31 December 1997. All children developed these first manifestations at the age 13 years or under

Results: Sixty-four (789%) patients were females and eighteen (22%) were males (ratio female/male = 3.

Difficult-to-treat nephrotic syndrome: management and outcome.

A retrospective study was performed in 68 patients diagnosed as having idiopathic nephrotic syndrome with steroid-dependent, steroid-resistant or frequent relapse subtypes at the Department of Pediatrics, Siriraj Hospital during Jan 1996-Dec 2004. Male to female ratio was 3.3:1 and mean age (+/- SD) was 8.

Exercise capacity in pediatric patients with end-stage renal disease.

Objective: To evaluate the correlation between exercise capacity and hemoglobin in pediatric patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) treated with automated peritoneal dialysis (APD) and hemodialysis.

Design: Prospective case-control study and retrospective review.

Setting: Dialysis summer camp and Children's Mercy Hospital exercise laboratory.

Effect of the calcimimetic NPS R-467 on furosemide-induced nephrocalcinosis in the young rat.

Background: Furosemide induces nephrocalcinosis in both humans and animals. We showed previously that parathyroidectomy protected against the development of furosemide-induced nephrocalcinosis in young rats, indicating a possible role for parathyroid hormone (PTH) in its pathogenesis. Calcimimetic agents such as NPS R-467 are potent and selective agonists at the calcium-sensing receptor in parathyroid glands and inhibit PTH secretion.

Treatment of congenital nephrogenic diabetes insipidus by hydrochlorothiazide and cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor.

A 1-month-old male infant presented with failure to thrive, polyuria, and severe hypernatremic dehydration. Based on family history, lack of response to vasopressin, and normal sonography of the urinary system, the diagnosis of congenital nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (cNDI) was established. The infant responded well to indomethacin in combination with hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ), but quickly developed gastrointestinal bleeding.