Functional Outcomes of Bipolar Hemiarthroplasty in Unstable Intertrochanteric Femur Fractures in the Elderly: A Prospective Study.

Background Intertrochanteric femur fractures are relatively common injuries among elderly individuals. Treatment options include fixation of intertrochanteric fractures using proximal femoral nails (PFNs), dynamic hip screws (DHSs), and unipolar and bipolar hemiarthroplasty. Unstable types of intertrochanteric fractures (Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Osteosynthesefragen (AO) types 31-A2 and A3) are more common in elderly osteoporotic people.

Detection and differential identification of typhoidal using bacteriophages and resazurin.

This study was aimed at developing an easy to use and inexpensive biosensor for the detection of typhoidal . The technique was designed to be used without expensive instrumentation if necessary. Bacteriophages specifically infecting three typhoidal serovars were isolated and purified.