Central effects of acute intranasal insulin on neuroimaging, cognitive, and behavioural outcomes: A systematic review.

The distribution of insulin receptors throughout the brain implicates insulin in physiological functions and disease states, including cognition, appetite, mood, and metabolic disorders. Intranasally administered insulin offers a non-invasive approach for isolating and investigating brain insulin action. This systematic review synthesized the effects of acute intranasal insulin on neuroimaging, cognitive, and behavioural outcomes reported in 48 studies in adults.

Glucagon-like peptide 1 agonist and effects on reward behaviour: A systematic review.

Introduction: The roles of metabolic signals, including Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), have been implicated in multiple domains outside metabolic regulation. There is a growing interest in repurposing Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) as therapeutics for motivation and reward-related behavioural disturbances. Herein, we aim to systematically review the extant evidence on the potential effects of GLP-1RAs on the reward system.

Real-World Effectiveness of Repeated Ketamine Infusions for Treatment-Resistant Bipolar Depression.

Background: Clinical trials have demonstrated rapid antidepressant effects with intravenous (IV) ketamine for major depressive disorder, with relatively less research specifically for bipolar depression. Herein, we describe the real-world effectiveness of repeated ketamine infusions for treatment-resistant bipolar depression.

Methods: This study was conducted in a community clinic in Mississauga, Ontario (Canadian Rapid Treatment Centre of Excellence; Braxia Health).

The Role of Ketamine in the Treatment of Bipolar Depression: A Scoping Review.

Bipolar depression remains a clinical challenge with a quarter of patients failing to respond to initial conventional treatments. Although ketamine has been extensively studied in unipolar depression, its role in bipolar disorder remains inconclusive. The aim of our scoping review was to comprehensively synthesize the current clinical literature around ketamine use in bipolar depression.

Indirect Calorimetry to Measure Metabolic Rate and Energy Expenditure in Psychiatric Populations: A Systematic Review.

Psychiatric and metabolic disorders are highly comorbid and the relationship between these disorders is bidirectional. The mechanisms underlying the association between psychiatric and metabolic disorders are presently unclear, which warrants investigation into the dynamics of the interplay between metabolism, substrate utilization, and energy expenditure in psychiatric populations, and how these constructs compare to those in healthy controls. Indirect calorimetry (IC) methods are a reliable, minimally invasive means for assessing metabolic rate and substrate utilization in humans.

Real world effectiveness of repeated ketamine infusions for treatment-resistant depression with comorbid borderline personality disorder.

Borderline personality disorder (BPD) has high rates of comorbidity with mood disorders, including treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Comorbidity of BPD with depression is associated with poorer response to antidepressants. Intravenous ketamine is a novel treatment for TRD that has not been specifically evaluated in patients with comorbid BPD.

Real-world effectiveness of repeated ketamine infusions for treatment-resistant bipolar depression.

Background: Clinical trials have demonstrated rapid antidepressant effects with intravenous (IV) ketamine for major depressive disorder, with relatively less research specifically for bipolar depression. Herein, we describe the real-world effectiveness of repeated ketamine infusions for treatment-resistant bipolar depression.

Methods: This study was conducted in a community clinic in Mississauga, Ontario (Canadian Rapid Treatment Centre of Excellence; Braxia Health).

The bidirectional association of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease with depression, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a complex metabolic-inflammatory disease associated with poor outcomes and decreased quality of life. NAFLD is overrepresented in patients with psychiatric disorders like depression, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia; however, a comprehensive review on NAFLD and psychiatric disorders remains to be delineated. This review endeavors to investigate the association of NAFLD with psychiatric disorders, including shared pathogenesis and future clinical derivatives.