Clinical presentations, microbiology and management outcomes of culture-proven endogenous endophthalmitis in India.

Purpose: To report the clinical presentation, microbiology, and management outcome of endogenous endophthalmitis in Indian patients.

Methods: Retrospective chart review of culture-positive (vitreous/urine/blood) endogenous endophthalmitis cases treated in tertiary eye care facility in India was done.

Results: The study included 173 eyes of 117 patients.

Coexisting choroidal neovascularization and active retinochoroiditis-an uncommon presentation of ocular toxoplasmosis.

Background: Choroidal neovascularization during the active stage of Toxoplasma retinochoroiditis is an uncommon clinical presentation. The authors retrospectively reviewed medical charts of patients with coexisting choroidal neovascular membrane and active Toxoplasma retinochoroiditis.

Findings: Three patients presented with coexisting choroidal neovascular membrane and active Toxoplasma retinochoroiditis.

An outbreak of Ralstonia pickettii endophthalmitis following intravitreal methotrexate injection.

Purpose: To report an outbreak of endophthalmitis in three eyes of two patients following intravitreal methotrexate, caused by Ralstonia pickettii.

Design: Retrospective, noncomparative, consecutive case series.

Methods: Medical records and microbiology results of two patients who presented with acute endophthalmitis following intravitreal methotrexate injection in November 2013 were reviewed.

Microbiologic spectrum and susceptibility of isolates in delayed post-cataract surgery endophthalmitis.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the microbiological spectrum and antimicrobial susceptibility of isolates in delayed post-cataract surgery endophthalmitis. A retrospective review of 33 consecutive patients with culture proven delayed post-cataract surgery endophthalmitis was done from January 2006 to March 2013. There were 22 bacterial and eleven fungal cases.

Filamentous fungal endophthalmitis: results of combination therapy with intravitreal amphotericin B and voriconazole.

Purpose: To report outcomes of exogenous fungal endophthalmitis treated with combination of intravitreal antifungal agents.

Design: Retrospective, non-randomized, interventional, consecutive case series.

Methods: Twelve eyes of twelve consecutive cases of filamentous fungal endophthalmitis were treated with a combination of intravitreal amphotericin-B and intravitreal voriconazole (AmB-Vo Regime) along with pars plana vitrectomy at a single center.

Pharmacokinetics of intravitreal antibiotics in endophthalmitis.

Intravitreal antibiotics are the mainstay of treatment in the management of infectious endophthalmitis. Basic knowledge of the commonly used intravitreal antibiotics, which includes their pharmacokinetics, half-life, duration of action and clearance, is essential for elimination of intraocular infection without any iatrogenic adverse effect to the ocular tissue. Various drugs have been studied over the past century to achieve this goal.

The role of intravitreal trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole in the treatment of toxoplasma retinochoroiditis.

The authors evaluate the role of intravitreal trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole in the treatment of toxoplasma retinochoroiditis (TRC) in four patients. Intravitreal injection of trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole 1.28 mg/0.

A novel clinical sign in macular telangiectasia type 2.

The objective of the study is to report, and propose a hypothesis for, a novel clinical sign in patients with macular telangiectasia type 2. Nine consecutive patients with macular telangiectasia and visible parafoveal graying were examined. The parafoveal graying decreased in intensity with continuous light exposure from an indirect ophthalmoscope.

Acute-onset postoperative endophthalmitis caused by multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae.

The purpose of this paper is to report outcomes of intravitreal imipenem in the treatment of multidrug-resistant Klebsiella-related postoperative endophthalmitis. This observational case series consists of three eyes from three patients seen between 2013 and 2014. Multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae is characterized by a rapid, fulminant course and severe intraocular inflammation.

Stenotrophomonas maltophilia endogenous endophthalmitis: clinical presentation, antibiotic susceptibility, and outcomes.

Objective: To describe clinical presentation, antibiotic susceptibility, and outcomes in patients with Stenotrophomonas maltophilia endogenous endophthalmitis.

Design: Retrospective case series.

Participants: Four eyes of four patients with S.

Intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide as an adjuvant in the management of acute retinal necrosis.

Objective: To determine the role of intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide (IVTA) as an adjuvant in the management of acute retinal necrosis (ARN).

Design: Interventional case series.

Participants: Four eyes of 4 patients diagnosed with ARN were studied.

Endophthalmitis after open globe injuries: changes in microbiological spectrum and isolate susceptibility patterns over 14 years.

Background: The objective of this study was to evaluate the microbiologic spectrum and antimicrobial susceptibility of isolates in post-traumatic endophthalmitis and compare with our earlier published report. A retrospective review was conducted on 581 consecutive patients with culture-proven post-traumatic endophthalmitis at L. V.

Scleral buckle infections: microbiological spectrum and antimicrobial susceptibility.

Background: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the microbiological spectrum and antimicrobial susceptibility in patients with scleral buckle infection. Medical records of all the patients diagnosed as buckle infection at L. V.

Combined ceftazidime and amikacin resistance among Gram-negative isolates in acute-onset postoperative endophthalmitis: prevalence, antimicrobial susceptibilities, and visual acuity outcome.

Background: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the prevalence, antimicrobial susceptibilities, and visual acuity outcome of acute-onset postoperative Gram-negative bacterial endophthalmitis cases resistant to both ceftazidime and amikacin seen between 2005 and 2010 at L. V. Prasad Eye Institute, a tertiary care ophthalmic Centre in South India.

Vancomycin-resistant Gram-positive bacterial endophthalmitis: epidemiology, treatment options, and outcomes.

Background: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the microbiological profile and treatment outcomes of vancomycin-resistant Gram-positive bacterial endophthalmitis. Medical records of all patients with Gram-positive bacterial endophthalmitis resistant to vancomycin presenting between 1 January 2005 and 31 December 2010 were reviewed in this noncomparative, consecutive, retrospective case series. Favorable outcome was defined as a best-corrected visual acuity of ≥20/200.

Polymicrobial endophthalmitis: prevalence, causative organisms, and visual outcomes.

Background: The purpose of the present study is to evaluate the prevalence, causative organisms, and visual acuity outcome in patients with culture-proven polymicrobial endophthalmitis. The method used in this study is the non-comparative, consecutive case series using a retrospective analysis of patients diagnosed with polymicrobial endophthalmitis for the period 2000 to 2010.

Results: Polymicrobial endophthalmitis was identified in 43/1,107 (3.

Recalcitrant Pseudomonas keratitis after epipolis laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis: case report and review of the literature.

We report a case of recalcitrant microbial keratitis after epipolis laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (epi-LASIK) surgery caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and review the literature on resistant Pseudomonas keratitis after excimer laser surgery. Microbial keratitis occurred two weeks after epi-LASIK surgery and was resistant to fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides and macrolides but sensitive to meropenem. The patient had total corneal melting and required therapeutic penetrating keratoplasty.

Comparison of color perception after tinted blue light-filtering and clear ultraviolet-filtering intraocular lens implantation.

Purpose: To compare color perception after implantation of clear and yellow-tinted intraocular lenses (IOLs).

Setting: Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.