Cortical reorganization following neurotization: a diffusion tensor imaging and functional magnetic resonance imaging study.

Background: Following successful intercostal-musculocutaneous nerve (ICN-MCN) neurotization for brachial plexus injuries (BPIs), patients initially show a synkinetic movement of elbow flexion during inspiration. Later they are able to flex the elbow, independent of respiratory activity.

Objective: To demonstrate cortical reorganization following ICN-MCN coaptation in BPI through functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI).