Approach to primary congenital glaucoma: A perspective.

Primary congenital glaucoma (PCG) occurs worldwide and has a broad range of ocular manifestations. It poses a therapeutic challenge to the ophthalmologist. A proper diagnostic evaluation under anesthesia is advisable for all children who do not cooperate for an office examination.

Objectively measuring anterior segment alterations in the eyes of mucopolysaccharidoses: Its utility in early diagnosis of glaucoma.

Purpose: Our study aimed to evaluate the utility of the anterior segment morphometry for objectively assessing anterior segment architectural changes of corneal clouding in the mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS) cohort and to investigate whether these measurements correlate with the slit-lamp findings on the cornea and early diagnosis of glaucoma.

Methods: This retrospective study involved 70 eyes of 35 children with cloudy cornea due to MPS variants. Anterior segment architectural alterations were measured using anterior segment imaging and biometry in MPS children and compared with controls.

Selective Endothelialectomy in Peters Anomaly: A Novel Surgical Technique and Its Clinical Outcomes in Children.

Purpose: This study describes the surgical outcomes of selective endothelialectomy in Peters anomaly (SEPA), a relatively new technique to manage Peters anomaly (PA).

Methods: This study included 34 eyes of 28 children who had a visually significant posterior corneal defect due to PA and underwent SEPA between 2012 and 2019. A selective endothelialectomy from the posterior corneal defect was performed while preserving Descemet membrane.

Clinical manifestations of congenital aniridia.

Purpose: To study the various clinical manifestations associated with congenital aniridia in an Indian population.

Methods: In this retrospective, consecutive, observational case series, all patients with the diagnosis of congenital aniridia seen at the institute from January 2005 to December 2010 were reviewed. In all patients, the demographic profile, visual acuity, and associated systemic and ocular manifestations were studied.

Glycosaminoglycans, hyperglycemia, and disease.

Significance: Diabetes is a widespread disease with many clinical pathologies. Despite numerous pharmaceutical strategies for treatment, the incidence of diabetes continues to increase. Hyperglycemia, observed in diabetes, causes endothelial injury resulting in microvascular and macrovascular complications such as nephropathy, retinopathy, neuropathy, and increased atherosclerosis.

Edema: a systematic approach to diagnosis and management.

Edema is defined by fluid accumulation in the tissues and its onset frequently first noticed by the patients. Mild edema is common and reversible. Generalized edema requires intensive therapy.

Evaluation of Optineurin as a candidate gene in Indian patients with primary open angle glaucoma.

Purpose: To evaluate the role of the optineurin gene (OPTN) in Indian primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) patients from different parts of the country.

Methods: Two hundred patients with POAG and 200 ethnically matched normal controls were recruited from various parts of India for the study. The entire coding region of OPTN along with the intron-exon boundaries were screened by PCR and single strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) followed by direct sequencing.

Mutation spectrum of the CYP1B1 gene in Indian primary congenital glaucoma patients.

Purpose: The human Cytochrome P450 gene CYP1B1 has been implicated in primary congenital glaucoma worldwide. The aim of this study was to understand the role of CYP1B1 mutations in causing primary congenital glaucoma in Indian populations.

Methods: The study included 64 new and unrelated cases of primary congenital glaucoma from different ethnic groups of India.

Energy transfer--a tool for probing micellar media.

The non-ionic polyoxyethylene chain-containing surfactant Triton X-100 (TX-100) forms well-defined micelles and reverse micelles in aqueous and hydrocarbon media, respectively. Nonradiative energy transfer between two charged fluorescent dyes, fluorescein (FL) and acridine orange (AO) has been used to probe the micelles and reverse micelles of TX-100. In the energy transfer system employed, FL acts as the donor and AO as the acceptor.

Mutation spectrum of FOXC1 and clinical genetic heterogeneity of Axenfeld-Rieger anomaly in India.

Purpose: Axenfeld-Rieger anomaly (ARA) is a form of anterior segment dysgenesis of the eye, mainly caused by mutations in the FOXC1 gene. We had earlier reported a novel mutation in the wing region of FOXC1 in an autosomal dominant family. The present study was aimed to identify the spectrum of mutations in the FOXC1 gene in a cohort of Indian ARA patients from different ethnic backgrounds, and to understand its role in the disease pathogenesis.