Identification of novel drug targets is a key component of modern drug discovery. While antimalarial targets are often identified through the mechanism of action studies on phenotypically derived inhibitors, this method tends to be time- and resource-consuming. The discoverable target space is also constrained by existing compound libraries and phenotypic assay conditions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Intraoperative hypotension (IOH) and tachycardia are associated with perioperative myocardial injury (PMI), and thereby increased postoperative mortality. Patients undergoing vascular surgery are specifically at risk of developing cardiac complications. This study aimed to explore the association between different thresholds for IOH and tachycardia, and PMI.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis study introduces ice-sonication enzymatic extraction as a novel method for preparing honey-infused ready-to-drink (RTD) black tea, optimizing bioactive compound extraction and sensory appeal. The impact of ice addition (20-60 % replacement of water) and sonication time (10-60 min) on physicochemical properties, bioactive content, tea cream formation, and sensory attributes was investigated. The optimized method (40 % ice, 40-minute sonication) achieved superior yields: 46.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Heel pain is prevalent in foot and ankle practice, with plantar fasciitis being a common cause of chronic heel pain in adults. It is a degenerative condition of the plantar fascia, rendering the term fasciitis inaccurate. The condition has several alternative names, including painful heel syndrome and heel spur syndrome.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur J Anaesthesiol Intensive Care
June 2024
Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most frequent cause of global cancer mortality. Most patients with CRC require surgical tumour resection, with certain stages of CRC (Stage II/III) also requiring postoperative chemotherapy. The timing of postoperative chemotherapy is largely determined by postoperative recovery.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: During the COVID-19 pandemic, migrant populations remained under-immunized due to limited access to health care, language barriers, and vaccine hesitancy. The USAID-funded MOMENTUM Routine Immunization Transformation and Equity project supported the government in collaborating with various local health and non-health partners to identify and vaccinate migrants. This case study examines the roles of project partners and the strategies each entity implemented to increase COVID-19 vaccine uptake among migrants, as well as the perceptions regarding the effectiveness of these strategies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) is a rare pulmonary pathology characterized by the accumulation of surfactant within type II alveolar epithelial cells. Whole lung lavage is the standard treatment for pulmonary alveolar proteinosis involving a large volume of fluid is infused into one lung and subsequently retrieved while the other lung is remains ventilated. Fast-tracking a patient undergoing whole lung lavage requires vigilant monitoring of arterial blood gases, fluid status, and respiratory mechanics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPolitical accountability is essential for maintaining trust and transparency in governance. However, the factors that influence political parties' accountability remain underexplored in Nepal. This paper examines the factors influencing citizens' perceptions of political parties' accountability in Nepal, utilizing data from the National Governance Survey 2017/18 (N = 4191).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAim: The present case-control study was planned to assess the comparative efficacy of resin-modified calcium silicate, resin-modified glass ionomer, and Dycal as pulp capping agents in indirect pulp therapy for deeply carious young permanent molars.
Materials And Methods: Thirty deeply carious young posterior teeth were treated by indirect pulp therapy. During the treatment, the cavity floor was lined with TheraCal or resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC) in the study group and with Dycal (control group) followed by GC IX and composite restoration.
The identification of novel drug targets for the purpose of designing small molecule inhibitors is key component to modern drug discovery. In malaria parasites, discoveries of antimalarial targets have primarily occurred retroactively by investigating the mode of action of compounds found through phenotypic screens. Although this method has yielded many promising candidates, it is time- and resource-consuming and misses targets not captured by existing antimalarial compound libraries and phenotypic assay conditions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis investigation conducted a comprehensive multivariate analysis on thirty half-sib populations of Nepeta cataria L., derived from natural populations based on oil yield. The study addresses the lack of comprehensive data on genetic, phenotypic, and chemical diversity in Nepeta cataria, which is essential for material selection and for conducting effective breeding programs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: In a previous phase II trial, intraperitoneal local anaesthetics shortened the time interval between surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy, an endpoint associated with improved survival in advanced ovarian cancer. Our objective was to test this in a phase III trial.
Methods: A double-blind, phase III parallel superiority trial was conducted at two university hospitals in Sweden, within a public and centralised healthcare system.
Patients with locally advanced breast cancer post-mastectomy complain of shoulder pain and restricted shoulder movement. The role of suprascapular nerve block (SSNB) in such patients needs to be explained as it may help in improving their quality of life along with pain relief. This study aims to evaluate the effect of ultrasound-guided suprascapular nerve block (SSNB) in improving shoulder motion and pain following surgery and compare its effect with exercise group.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCase: This case report describes the successful treatment of a year-round teenage softball pitcher who sustained a proximal biceps tendon rupture who underwent successful subpectoral tenodesis. To our knowledge, this is the only reported case of such an injury occurring in an underhand throwing teenage athlete.
Conclusion: This case highlights an unusual instance of a sport-related injury in an adolescent softball pitcher, suggesting that the softball pitch in elite athletes may put similar stress on the shoulder to overhead throwing athletes over time and further demonstrating that patients may continue to have success at elite levels of competition after tenodesis.
Background: A 2-dose mRNA-1273 primary series in children aged 6 months-5 years (25 µg) and 6-11 years (50 µg) had an acceptable safety profile and was immunogenic in the phase 2/3 KidCOVE study. We present data from KidCOVE participants who received an mRNA-1273 booster dose.
Methods: An mRNA-1273 booster dose (10 µg for children aged 6 months-5 years; 25 µg for children aged 6-11 years; age groups based on participant age at enrollment) was administered ≥6 months after primary series completion.
Introduction: Lumbar disc disease is one of the common causes of lower back pain caused by a change in the structure of the normal disc. Most of the time, disc disease happens as a result of aging and the normal breakdown that occurs within the disc. Caudal epidural steroid injections are the popular treatment for patients with chronic low back pain that does not respond to conservative management.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn efforts towards eliminating malaria, a discovery program was initiated to identify a novel antimalarial using KAF156 as a starting point. Following the most recent TCP/TPP guidelines, we have identified mCMQ069 with a predicted single oral dose for treatment (∼40-106 mg) and one-month chemoprevention (∼96-216 mg). We have improved unbound MPC and predicted human clearance by 18-fold and 10-fold respectively when compared to KAF156.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSurgical excision of the primary tumor represents the most frequent and curative procedure for solid malignancies. Compelling evidence suggests that, despite its beneficial effects, surgery may impair immunosurveillance by triggering an immunosuppressive inflammatory stress response and favor recurrence by stimulating minimal residual disease. In addition, many factors interfere with the immune effectors before and after cancer procedures, such as malnutrition, anemia, or subsequent transfusion.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Cardiac risk evaluation prior to noncardiac surgery is fundamental to tailor peri-operative management to patient's estimated risk. Data on the degree of adherence to guidelines in patients at cardiovascular risk in Europe and factors influencing adherence are underexplored.
Objectives: The aim of this analysis was to describe the degree of adherence to [2014 European Society of Cardiology (ESC)/European Society of Anaesthesiology (ESA) guidelines] recommendations on rest echocardiography [transthoracic echocardiography (TTE)] and to stress imaging prior to noncardiac surgery in a large European sample and to assess factors potentially affecting adherence.