The relevance of remnant cholesterol as a guide for lipid management in Indian subjects undergoing coronary revascularization.

Background: The atherogenic potential of remnant cholesterol, which refers to the cholesterol content of triglyceride-rich, non-low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particles in circulation, has gained increasing attention recently. Unfortunately, very limited information is available regarding remnant cholesterol levels in Indian subjects.

Methods: This was a retrospective study conducted at a premier, tertiary care center in North India.

Attainment of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol goals in patients undergoing coronary revascularization in the contemporary clinical practice.

This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of current lipid-lowering therapy in achieving low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) goals in Indian patients undergoing coronary revascularization. Consecutive subjects (n = 1275, mean age 60.0 ± 9.

Impact of intraoperative haemoadsorption on outcomes of patients undergoing aortic surgery: a single-centre, prospective, observational study.

Objectives: To investigate the impact of a cytokine haemoadsorption (HA) device (CytoSorb®) on inflammatory markers and patients' outcome during aortic root surgery.

Methods: Prospective, observational study including all-comers with quasi-randomization by strictly alternating inclusion (1:1 basis). Sixty patients undergoing elective aortic surgery were assigned to either HA group (n = 30) with intraoperative HA, or a control (C) group (n = 30).

Successful Extracorporeal Cytokine Hemoadsorption in a Marfan Syndrome Patient with COVID-19 Undergoing Redo Bentall Procedure.

BACKGROUND Patients with COVID-19 undergoing emergency or complex surgical procedures are at increased risk of developing perioperative complications. CytoSorb is a blood purification therapy used to remove circulating cytokines in conditions of hyperinflammation. This report is of a patient with COVID-19 requiring redo replacement of the aortic valve and aorta due to aortic aneurysm of the ascending aorta (Bentall procedure) associated with Marfan syndrome.

Vasoactive-ventilation-renal score and outcomes in infants and children after cardiac surgery.

Introduction: There is a need to index important clinical characteristics in pediatric cardiac surgery that can be obtained early in the postoperative period and accurately predict postoperative outcomes.

Methodology: A prospective cohort study was conducted in the pediatric cardiac ICU and ward on all children aged <18 years undergoing cardiac surgery for congenital heart disease from September 2018 to October 2020. The vasoactive-ventilation-renal (VVR) score was analyzed to predict outcomes of cardiac surgeries with a comparison of postoperative variables.

Perioperative dexmedetomidine reduces delirium after coronary artery bypass graft surgery: A prospective, single-blind, observational study.

Background: Delirium is a commonly seen complication of cardiac surgery. Dexmedetomidine, by its anti-inflammatory properties and other effects, can attenuate postoperative delirium.

Aims: The aim of this work was to study the incidence of delirium after coronary artery bypass graft surgery, and to compare the effects of dexmedetomidine and propofol on the incidence of postoperative delirium in coronary artery bypass graft surgery patients.

Renal Outcomes in Neonates and Infants with Transposition Physiology Undergoing Arterial Switch Procedure.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) in children with Transposition of Great arteries (TGA) undergoing Arterial Switch operation (ASO) is an important complication in the post-operative period associated with worse outcomes. AKI in children post open cardiac surgery has been well studied, with lesser data in literature pertaining to TGA and its sub-types specifically. This was a prospective, observational study enrolling infants with TGA undergoing ASO at a single center over a span of a decade from January 2010 to December 2020.

Perioperative albuminuria and clinical model to predict acute kidney injury in paediatric cardiac surgery.

Background: AKI is an important complication post cardiac surgery in children. An early diagnosis can help in mitigating complications and allow for prognostication. Urinary albumin:creatinine ratio (ACR) as a biomarker can provide a cheaper and more accessible AKI risk assessment and prediction.

Post Cardiac Surgery.

Introduction: The long-term renal outcomes of survivors of pediatric acute kidney injury (AKI) are varied within the current literature, and we aim to establish long-term renal outcomes for pediatric patients after cardiac surgery. We studied long-term renal outcomes and markers of kidney injury in pediatric patients after congenital cardiac surgery.

Methods: In a prospective case-control observational study (the Renal Outcomes in Children with acute Kidney injury post cardiac Surgery [ROCKS] trial) we reviewed all children who underwent cardiac surgery on cardiopulmonary bypass (December 2010-2017).

An unusual left ventricular outflow tract mass in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus.

A 25-year-old female, with systemic lupus erythematosus and antiphospholipid antibody syndrome, presented with exertional dyspnoea. Echocardiography showed a large (2.0 cm × 1.

Left Ventricular Thrombus and Cardioembolic Stroke in a Patient with Ulcerative Colitis: A Case Report.

Left ventricular (LV) thrombi usually occur in the setting of global or regional LV systolic dysfunction and are extremely rare in the absence of LV wall motion abnormalities. We report here a case of a 23-year-old female who presented with cardioembolic stroke due to ulcerative colitis. To determine the cause of stroke, several investigations and evaluations were carried out, but the results were mostly normal or unremarkable.

Aortic arch aneurysms and dissection-open repair is the gold standard.

The aortic arch repair is one of the most complex surgeries and carries a high risk of complications as well as mortality. Since 1975, when the arch repair was first done by Randall B. Griepp using hypothermic circulatory arrest, many new technologies were introduced.

Pediatric ABO-incompatible kidney transplantation: Evolving with the advancing apheresis technology: A single-center experience.

Recent literature has endorsed favorable outcomes following ABOi kidney transplantation in pediatric population. Nevertheless, reluctance to pursue an ABOi still remains pervasive. This could be ascribed to various legitimate reasons, namely less extensive pediatric ABOi data, technical difficulties encountered during PP, cost restraints, and concerns regarding higher rates of antibody-mediated rejection, infectious complications, and post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder as compared to adults.

Incidental left anterior descending coronary artery to pulmonary artery fistula in myxomatous mitral valve prolapse.

Uniqueness of this case report is that though coronary cameral fistulas are itself rare, we closed fistula effectively in a different way. Since surgery was only good option available as patient had concomitant valvular disease, we closed distal end of fistula in PA and then took deep bites of suture in fistulous track itself. This approach closed fistula effectively and we had no need to dissect and ligate its origin from LAD which is more arduous and dangerous task.

Successful management of a giant unruptured mycotic coronary artery aneurysm after coronary angioplasty.

Coronary artery stent infection has been reported with both bare metal stent and drug eluting stent and can present as mycotic coronary artery aneurysm, pseudoaneurysm, myocardial abscess, pericarditis or exudative effusion. Infection at the site of coronary stent implantation is rare and is believed to result typically from either direct stent contamination at the time of delivery or transient bacteraemia from access site. Introduction of drug-eluting stent (DES) has led to a marked reduction in the problem of in-stent restenosis across all patient subsets and lesions complexities.

Which valve is which?

A 25-year-old man presented with a history of breathlessness for the past 2 years. He had a history of operation for Tetralogy of Fallot at the age of 5 years and history suggestive of Rheumatic fever at the age of 7 years. On echocardiographic examination, all his heart valves were severely regurgitating.

Vasoactive Inotrope Score as a tool for clinical care in children post cardiac surgery.

Background: Neonates and infants undergoing heart surgery on cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) are at high risk for significant post-operative morbidity and mortality. Hence, there is a need to identify and quantify clinical factors during the early post-operative period that are indicative of short-term as well as long-term outcomes. Multiple inotrope scores have been used in practice to quantify the amount of cardiovascular support received by neonates.

Unusual cause of absent pulse in one arm: Isolated subclavian artery.

Isolated origin of the subclavian artery is a congenital anomaly of the aortic arch in which one subclavian artery originates from the homolateral pulmonary artery through the ductus arteriosus. Isolated right subclavian artery with left-sided aortic arch is extremely rare. We report a case of isolated right subclavian artery from the right pulmonary artery via a right-sided ductus arteriosus in a 4-year-old girl.

Retrograde cerebral perfusion for brain protection in aortic aneurysm surgery.

Introduction: Retrograde cerebral perfusion is used as an adjunct to deep hypothermic circulatory arrest (DHCA) for cerebral protection while dealing with complex aortic lesions.

Patients And Methods: Sixty-six patients, operated for aneurysms of the aorta using DHCA, were studied. In 52 patients, retrograde cerebral perfusion was used as an adjunct to DHCA for cerebral protection.