The kinematic coupling during Ponseti correction in idiopathic clubfoot: A quantitative analysis.

Background: The study aimed to quantify and correlate kinematic coupling linkage of foot abduction (correction of adduction) and inversion, heel varus and ankle equinus for clubfeet corrected by Ponseti technique.

Methods: Measurements of foot abduction (derotation of carpopedal block), heel varus and ankle equinus were available from Dimeglio scores in 25 feet. Radiological angles were considered for foot inversion-eversion.

Gain of function NOTCH3 variants cause familial partial lipodystrophy due to activation of senescence pathways.

Despite elucidation of the molecular genetic basis of several lipodystrophy syndromes, molecular defects in some ultra-rare subtypes of familial lipodystrophies remain unidentified. We analyzed whole exome sequencing (WES) data of four affected and two unaffected females from an undiagnosed autosomal dominant familial partial lipodystrophy (FPL) pedigree and identified only one novel heterozygous variant, p.Ala1603Tyr in NOTCH3 meeting the filtering criteria.

Lymph Node Metastasis in Gastrointestinal Carcinomas: A View from a Proteomics Perspective.

Lymph node metastasis (LNM) is one of the major prognostic factors in human gastrointestinal carcinomas (GICs). The lymph node-positive patients have poorer survival than node-negative patients. LNM is directly associated with the recurrence and poor survival of patients with GICs.

Progressive Pain Response in Idiopathic Clubfoot Children Undergoing Ponseti Casting: A Prospective Evaluation in 34 Feet.

Background: Investigations of pain and physiologic responses response during Ponseti casting are in the preliminary stage. This short-term study aims to quantify pain responses and to note the variations, if any, during subsequent casting sessions.

Methods: In this prospective study, the pain parameters were evaluated in 34 clubfeet.

Choi IIIB sequelae of septic hip: Etiologically different entities clubbed together?

Background: Choi IIIB sequela (pseudarthrosis of femoral neck) is an uncommon complication of septic hip. Only few cases are reported in literature and experience with the entity is limited. Variable pseudarthrosis behaviour and treatment outcomes are reported questioning the mechanical etiology for Choi III sequela.

Parent reported outcomes for idiopathic clubfoot children treated with the Ponseti technique: An analysis of 140 feet followed minimum 5 years.

Objective: The treated clubfoot children are often evaluated clinically during follow-up. However, patient reported outcomes (PROM) are seldom analysed for these children. We investigated 87 idiopathic clubfoot children (140 feet) treated by the Ponseti method and followed minimum 5 years to study their clinical outcomes and PROM.

Surgical Scissors: The Core Surgical Instrument.

Surgical scissors form an essential part of both basic and specialty surgical sets. Their prime function is to cut tissues. They are also used for blunt dissection/development of tissue planes and piercing tissues.

Regulated regeneration of adipose tissue in lipodystrophic -null mice partially ameliorates hepatic steatosis.

Both humans and mice with congenital generalized lipodystrophy due to AGPAT2 deficiency develop diabetes mellitus, insulin resistance, and hepatic steatosis, which have been attributed to the near total loss of adipose tissue (AT). Here, we show that regulated AT regeneration in doxycycline (dox)-fed Tg;m mice partially ameliorates hepatic steatosis at 12 weeks of age and causes reduced expression of genes involved in hepatic lipogenesis despite partial (∼30-50%) AT regeneration compared to that in wild-type mice. Compared to chow-fed Tg;m mice, those fed dox diet had markedly reduced serum insulin levels, suggesting an improvement in insulin resistance.

Primary Hepatic Melanoma: A Diagnostic Surprise.

Melanoma is a relatively rare malignancy with a highly aggressive biological behavior. Metastases to other sites, like lymph nodes and liver are common, but primary hepatic melanoma is a rarity with poor survival ranging from months to few years. Diagnosis of primary hepatic melanoma via clinical features and imaging technology is difficult because of its ambiguous features.

Effect of non-vascularized fibular harvest on the donor limb: radiological evaluation at a mean follow-up of twelve point eight years.

Purpose: The study is aimed at evaluating the long-term (at a minimum follow-up of 10 years) impact of non-vascularized fibular harvest on the donor limbs.

Methods: There were 27 donor limbs (n = 19 children) available for retrospective radiological review. The graft was obtained bilaterally in eight patients.

Factors influencing correction rate following hemiepiphysiodesis using tension band plates for deformities around the knee: a multivariate analysis study.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to appraise various factors influencing the correction rate in temporary hemiepiphysiodesis (THE) around the knee joint. Specifically, the study analysed the relationship of correction rate with age, gender, aetiology, type and location of deformity.

Methods: The retrospective study included children who underwent THE for a coronal plane deformity (genu valgus or varum) around the knee joint (distal femur or proximal tibia) over a ten year period (2010-2020).

Adipose-specific overexpression of human AGPAT2 in mice causes increased adiposity and mild hepatic dysfunction.

AGPAT2, a critical enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of phospholipids and triacylglycerol (TAG), is highly expressed in adipose tissue (AT). Whether overexpression of AGPAT2 in AT will result in increased TAG synthesis (obesity) and its metabolic complications remains unknown. We overexpressed human specifically in AT using the adiponectin promoter and report increased mass of subcutaneous, gonadal, and brown AT in wild-type mice.

Non-zero Pirani score in corrected clubfoot due to empty heel: A prognostic dilemma.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to track the correction of individual components of Pirani scoring system (PSS) over the manipulation and tenotomy phase of Ponseti casting method in idiopathic clubfoot. Additionally, non-zero PSS scores were analysed to find out the residual deformities.

Methods: The included feet were assessed initially according to the six component PSS.

Hemiepiphysiodesis using tension band plates: does the insertion technique or screw length influence the rate of correction?

We retrospectively studied the effect of certain characteristics of the insertion technique and the construct of tension band plates on its angular correction rates. The study included 68 physes in 28 children. The following preoperative radiological parameters were measured: interscrew angle; the length of the epiphyseal screw, its distance and angle (screw trajectory angle) with respect to the physis.

A case report of liver infiltration from a large renal cell carcinoma: Diagnostic and management enigma.

Introduction And Importance: Renal cell carcinoma is the most lethal malignancy of urinary tract. Invasion of right lobe of liver by Renal cell carcinoma is rare and possess a treatment challenge. Simultaneous nephrectomy with right hepatectomy has been proposed as a part of multi-modality treatment approach.

Effect of Intensive Blood Pressure Control on Kidney Outcomes: Long-Term Electronic Health Record-Based Post-Trial Follow-Up of SPRINT.

Background: Intensive BP lowering in the Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial (SPRINT) produced acute decreases in kidney function and higher risk for AKI. We evaluated the effect of intensive BP lowering on long-term changes in kidney function using trial and outpatient electronic health record (EHR) creatinine values.

Methods: SPRINT data were linked with EHR data from 49 (of 102) study sites.

Early-onset diabetes mellitus as a presenting feature of Werner's syndrome in an Indian family.

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) in children and adolescents is typically caused by type 1 DM, followed by type 2 DM and maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY). We report an unusual Asian Indian family in which three members presented with DM at ages 15, 20, and 30, but not fitting the typical clinical picture of type 1 DM, type 2 DM, or MODY. The primary objective was to elucidate the molecular genetic basis of DM in this family.

Regulated adipose tissue-specific expression of human in lipodystrophic -null mice results in regeneration of adipose tissue.

Genetic loss of in humans and mice results in congenital generalized lipodystrophy with near-total loss of adipose tissue and predisposition to develop insulin resistance, diabetes mellitus, hepatic steatosis, and hypertriglyceridemia. The mechanism by which deficiency results in loss of adipose tissue remains unknown. We studied this by re-expressing human (hAGPAT2) in -null mice, regulated by doxycycline.

Does Acetabulum Remodel Following Varus Derotation Osteotomy for Perthes' Disease?

 We investigated the effect of disease stage, patient's age and final contour of femoral head on acetabulum contour following varus derotation osteotomy of proximal femur (VDRO) in unilateral Perthes's disease.  The study is a retrospective analysis of case records of 23 children aged ≥6 years with unilateral Perthes' disease who underwent primary VDRO procedure for containment. Acetabular index (AI) and center edge angle (CEA) were calculated bilaterally in preoperative and follow-up radiographs and compared statistically.