Design Strategies for Virtual Reality Interventions for Managing Pain and Anxiety in Children and Adolescents: Scoping Review.

Background: Virtual reality (VR) technology has been explored in the health sector as a novel tool for supporting treatment side effects, including managing pain and anxiety. VR has recently become more available with the launch of low-cost devices and apps.

Objective: This study aimed to provide an updated review of the research into VR use for pain and anxiety in pediatric patients undergoing medical procedures.

Low calcium intakes among Australian adolescents and young adults are associated with higher consumption of discretionary foods and beverages.

Objectives: Calcium is an essential nutrient required for peak bone mass growth during adolescence and into young adulthood. The aim of this study was to examine the calcium intake of Australian adolescents and young adults from both food sources and supplements; and the relationship between calcium intake and intake of food groups.

Methods: Dietary data from 770 adolescents (14-18 y of age) and 774 young adults (19-25 y of age) from the 2011 to 12 National Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey were used.

Exploring young adult perspectives on the use of gamification and social media in a smartphone platform for improving vegetable intake.

Young adults are the poorest consumers of vegetables. Social media and smartphones are frequently used by this demographic and could serve as an engaging medium for nutrition promotion. Five focus groups were conducted to capture participants' perceptions of a theory-based gamified self-monitoring app for improving vegetable intake of young adults.