Publications by authors named "Aniceth Rucogoza"
Article Synopsis
- Hospital surfaces in LMICs harbor antibiotic-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (GNB), leading to nosocomial infections and contributing to mortality rates.
- The BARNARDS study sampled neonatal ward surfaces, employing PCR and whole genome sequencing to identify dominant bacterial clones, notably Klebsiella pneumoniae, linked to neonatal sepsis in Pakistan.
- A higher prevalence of carbapenemases was noted in certain countries, emphasizing the importance of improving Infection Prevention and Control guidelines in healthcare settings.
Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi (S. Typhi) is the cause of typhoid fever, presenting high rates of morbidity and mortality in low- and middle-income countries. The H58 haplotype shows high levels of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and is the dominant S.
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- Staphylococcus aureus is a major cause of neonatal sepsis in low- and middle-income countries, but there's limited understanding of the species diversity and antibiotic resistance among Gram-positive bacteria.
- Researchers analyzed blood culture isolates from neonates in several LMICs, identifying a variety of Staphylococci species and sequencing the genomes of 100 S. aureus isolates, revealing clusters of methicillin-resistant strains linked to high mortality rates.
- The study uncovered a total of 14 different Gram-positive bacterial species, with Staphylococci being the most prevalent, and stresses the need for further research to investigate the resistance mechanisms and overall impact on neonatal health.
Background: Neonatal sepsis is a primary cause of neonatal mortality and is an urgent global health concern, especially within low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs), where 99% of global neonatal mortality occurs. The aims of this study were to determine the incidence and associations with neonatal sepsis and all-cause mortality in facility-born neonates in LMICs.
Methods: The Burden of Antibiotic Resistance in Neonates from Developing Societies (BARNARDS) study recruited mothers and their neonates into a prospective observational cohort study across 12 clinical sites from Bangladesh, Ethiopia, India, Pakistan, Nigeria, Rwanda, and South Africa.
Article Synopsis
- Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB), identified by rifampicin resistance (RR), poses significant challenges in managing TB in Rwanda, requiring investigation into its transmission dynamics over 27 years.
- The study involved analyzing the whole genome sequences of RR-TB isolates from three periods: before MDR-TB program management (1991-2005), during early program management (2006-2013), and during a more consolidated phase (2014-2018) when rifampicin drug-susceptibility testing was expanded.
- The results identified 13 transmission clusters among RR-TB isolates, with a dominant clone named "Rwanda Rifampicin-Resistant clone" (R3clone) being responsible for 69.
Introduction: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global public health threat. Worse still, there is a paucity of data from low- and middle-income countries to inform rational antibiotic use.
Objective: Assess the feasibility of setting up microbiology capacity for AMR testing and estimate the cost of setting up microbiology testing capacity at rural district hospitals in Rwanda.
Background: Sepsis is a major contributor to neonatal mortality, particularly in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). WHO advocates ampicillin-gentamicin as first-line therapy for the management of neonatal sepsis. In the BARNARDS observational cohort study of neonatal sepsis and antimicrobial resistance in LMICs, common sepsis pathogens were characterised via whole genome sequencing (WGS) and antimicrobial resistance profiles.
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- Antimicrobial resistance in neonatal sepsis is increasing in low- and middle-income countries, making treatment difficult due to poorly understood resistance mechanisms that spread between bacteria.
- The BARNARDS network studied 36,285 neonates from seven LMICs, finding Klebsiella pneumoniae as the leading cause of sepsis, along with several other bacteria.
- Whole-genome sequencing revealed that many isolated bacteria had multiple antibiotic resistance genes and were resistant to treatments used for neonatal sepsis, highlighting a need for improved research and therapies.
Background: Podoconiosis is a type of tropical lymphoedema that causes massive swelling of the lower limbs. The disease is associated with both economic insecurity, due to long-term morbidity-related loss of productivity, and intense social stigma. Reliable and detailed data on the prevalence and distribution of podoconiosis are scarce.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Deworming human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals on antiretroviral therapy (ART) may be beneficial, particularly during pregnancy. We determined the efficacy of targeted and nontargeted antihelminth therapy and its effects on Plasmodium falciparum infection status, hemoglobin levels, CD4 counts, and viral load in pregnant, HIV-positive women receiving ART.
Methods: Nine hundred eighty HIV-infected pregnant women receiving ART were examined at 2 visits during pregnancy and 2 postpartum visits within 12 weeks.
The impact of malaria on anemia and the interplay with helminths underline the importance of addressing the interactions between HIV/AIDS, malaria and intestinal helminth infections in pregnancy. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of malaria-helminth dual infections among HIV positive pregnant mothers after 12 months of ART. A cross sectional study was conducted on intestinal helminths and malaria dual infections among HIV-positive pregnant women attending antenatal health centers in Rwanda.
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