Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Volatile Organic Compounds from Three Endemic Taxa: Headspace Solid-Phase Microextraction vs. Hydrodistillation.

taxa are sources of valuable essential oils obtained from aged rhizomes used by various industries, including pharmacy, cosmetic, perfume, and food industry, in which irones are the most important aroma components. In this study, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) obtained from dried rhizomes of three endemics from Croatia, , , and , were studied. The VOCs were isolated by three different methods: headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) using divinylbenzene/carboxene/polydimethylsiloxane (DVB/CAR/PDMS) fiber or polydimethylsiloxane/divinylbenzene (PDMS/DVB) fiber, and hydrodistillation (HD).

Glucosinolate degradation products of (Guss.) K.Koch and L. from Croatia.

Two wild-growing Brassicaceae plants of Croatian origin, (Guss.) K. Koch and L.

Glucosinolate Profiling of Calepina irregularis.

Three different types of extracts of volatile isolates from aerial parts of Calepina irregularis (Asso) Thell. were investigated to uncover glucosinolates using indirect methods consisting of either non-enzymatic (thermal degradation) or enzymatic (with exogenous and endogenous myrosinase) hydrolysis, followed by GC-FID/MS analysis of the volatile isolates. The identification of volatile glucosinolate degradation products isolated from C.

Screening of Satureja subspicata Vis. Honey by HPLC-DAD, GC-FID/MS and UV/VIS: Prephenate Derivatives as Biomarkers.

The samples of Satureja subspicata Vis. honey were confirmed to be unifloral by melissopalynological analysis with the characteristic pollen share from 36% to 71%. Bioprospecting of the samples was performed by HPLC-DAD, GC-FID/MS, and UV/VIS.

Comparison of different methodologies for detailed screening of Taraxacum officinale honey volatiles.

Headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME), ultrasonic solvent extraction (USE) and solid phase extraction (SPE), followed by GC-FID/MS were used for screening of dandelion (Taraxacum officinale Weber) honey headspace, volatiles and semi-volatiles. The obtained results constitute a breakthrough towards screening of dandelion honey since dominant compounds identified in the extracts were not previously reported for this honey type. Nitriles dominated in the headspace, particularly 3-methylpentanenitrile (up to 29.

Glucosinolate profiling and antimicrobial screening of Aurinia leucadea (Brassicaceae).

Glucosinolates (GLs) were characterized in various aerial parts (stems, leaves, and flowers) of Aurinia leucadea (Guss.) C. Koch and quantified according to the ISO 9167-1 official method based on the HPLC analysis of desulfoglucosinolates.

Phytochemical analysis and antimicrobial activity of Cardaria draba (L.) Desv. volatiles.

Two different volatile isolates from the aerial parts of Cardaria draba (L.) Desv., obtained either by hydrodistillation (Extract I) or by CH(2) Cl(2) extraction subsequent to hydrolysis by exogenous myrosinase (Extract II), were characterized by GC-FID and GC/MS analyses.

Hedge mustard (Sisymbrium officinale): chemical diversity of volatiles and their antimicrobial activity.

Volatile compounds of hedge mustard (Sysimbrium officinale) have been investigated for the first time. Forthy-two compounds were identified after hydrodistillation (without or upon autolysis) after gas chromatography and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analyses. In addition, after decoction and hydrolysis of O-glycosides, 18 volatile O-aglycones were identified.

Antibacterial activity of Achillea clavennae essential oil against respiratory tract pathogens.

The essential oil of Achillea clavennae was investigated for its antibacterial activity against some respiratory tract pathogens. Maximum activity was observed against Klebsiella pneumoniae and penicillin-susceptible and penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae. The oil also exhibited strong activity against Gram (-) Haemophilus influenzae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Composition and antimicrobial activity of Achillea clavennae L. essential oil.

The volatile constituents of Achillea clavennae L. (Asteraceae), rare plant of Europe, have been analysed using GC/MS. Twenty- five components making up 81.

Chemical composition and antioxidant test of free and glycosidically bound volatile compounds of savory (Satureja montana L. subsp. montana) from Croatia.

The evaluation of antioxidant power of glycosidically bound volatile aglycones from savory shows that these compounds possess antioxidative activity comparable to that of the essential oil, but less effective compared to the well-known antioxidant butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) and alpha-tocopherol. Thus, since the glycosides are able to release their aglycones by enzymatic hydrolysis, they could be considered as possible precursors of antioxidant substances in savory.

Chemical composition and in vitro evaluation of antioxidant effect of free volatile compounds from Satureja montana L.

As a part of an investigation of natural antioxidants from Dalmatian aromatic plants, in this paper we report a study of the antioxidant activity related to the chemical composition of savory free volatile compounds. Twenty-one compounds were identified in the essential oil without fractionation, representing 97.4% of the total oil.