Comparative analysis of cortical anatomy in male participants with internet gaming disorder or tobacco use disorder: Insights from normative modeling.

Background: Research on individual differences in brain structural features of internet gaming disorder (IGD) and established addictions such as tobacco use disorder (TUD) is currently limited. This study utilized normative modeling to analyze the cortical thickness (CT) development patterns of male patients with IGD and TUD, aiming to provide further insights into whether IGD qualifies as an addiction.

Methods: Surface-based brain morphometry (SBM) was used to calculate CT from T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging data of 804 male participants (665 healthy individuals, 68 IGD and 71 TUD).

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation reshaped the dynamic reconfiguration of the executive and reward networks in individuals with tobacco use disorder.

Background: Studies have demonstrated the potential of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) to decrease smoking cravings in individuals with tobacco use disorder (TUD). However, the neural features underlying the effects of rTMS treatment, especially the dynamic attributes of brain networks associated with the treatment, remain unclear.

Methods: Using dynamic functional connectivity analysis, this study first explored the differences in dynamic functional network features between 60 subjects with TUD and 64 nonsmoking healthy controls (HCs).

Wanting-liking dissociation and altered dopaminergic functioning: Similarities between internet gaming disorder and tobacco use disorder.

Background: Although internet gaming disorder (IGD) has been included in the DSM-5 for approximately 10 years, debate remains regarding its existence and classification.

Methods: The current research incorporated three approaches. First, implicit association tests were used to examine for potential dissociation between wanting and liking in IGD.

Age-atypical brain functional networks in autism spectrum disorder: a normative modeling approach.

Background: Despite extensive research into the neural basis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), the presence of substantial biological and clinical heterogeneity among diagnosed individuals remains a major barrier. Commonly used case‒control designs assume homogeneity among subjects, which limits their ability to identify biological heterogeneity, while normative modeling pinpoints deviations from typical functional network development at individual level.

Methods: Using a world-wide multi-site database known as Autism Brain Imaging Data Exchange, we analyzed individuals with ASD and typically developed (TD) controls (total = 1218) aged 5-40 years, generating individualized whole-brain network functional connectivity (FC) maps of age-related atypicality in ASD.