Cellulose Nanomaterials Functionalized with Carboxylic Group Extracted from Lignocellulosic Agricultural Waste: Isolation and Cu(II) Adsorption for Antimicrobial Application.

In this study, we reported the isolation of COOH-functionalized nanocrystal cellulose from agricultural waste, particularly dragon fruit foliage (DFF), by two methods, the citric acid/HCl acid (CA) method and the (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-yl)oxyl (TEMPO)-mediated oxidation method. Chemical component quantification and physiochemical characterization techniques, such as FT-IR spectroscopy, XRD, TGA, XPS, and AFM, were employed to analyze DFF, bleached cellulose, and extracted CNs. We determined the contents of lignin and hemicellulose removed, while the signals for the cellulose contents remain the same for DFF-CA and DFF-TEMPO.

Dragon Fruit Foliage: An Agricultural Cellulosic Source to Extract Cellulose Nanomaterials.

In this report, we focus our effort to extract cellulose nanomaterials (CNs) from an agricultural cellulosic waste, Dragon Fruit foliage (DFF). DFF was first pretreated by several mechanical treatments and then bleached by chemical treatment to obtain bleached DFF. CNs were then produced from the hydrolysis of the bleached DFF catalyzed by sulfuric acid.