Developing a Passive Dosing Method for Acute Aquatic Toxicity Tests of Cationic Surfactant Benzalkoniums (BACs).

Benzalkonium chlorides (BACs) have been of environmental concern due to their widespread use and potential harm. However, challenges arise in defining and controlling the exposure concentration () in aquatic toxicity tests involving BACs with a long alkyl chain (i.e.

Effect of Mass Fraction on Leaching Kinetics of Hydrophobic Ultraviolet Stabilizers in Low-Density Polyethylene.

The leaching kinetics of five hydrophobic ultraviolet (UV) stabilizers from low-density polyethylene (LDPE) (micro)fibers into water was evaluated in this study, with variation of the mass fraction (ω = 0.1-2.0 wt %) of the stabilizers.

Ecotoxicological effects of micro- and nanoplastics on terrestrial food web from plants to human beings.

Micro- and nanoplastics (MNPs) are present in almost all environmental compartments. Terrestrial soils are major environmental reservoirs for MNPs, but the ecotoxicological effects of MNPs on terrestrial biota remain relatively understudied. In this review, we collated findings of previous research on the uptake and impact of MNPs in terrestrial organisms, including flora, fauna, and human beings.

Estimating the Bioaccumulation Potential of Hydrophobic Ultraviolet Stabilizers Using Experimental Partitioning Properties.

Although hydrophobic ultraviolet (UV) stabilizers are an emerging environmental concern because of their widespread occurrence, persistence, and bioaccumulation potential, experimental values of their partitioning properties required for risk assessment are scarce. In this study, -octanol-water partition (K) and lipid-water partition constants (K), which are key parameters for environmental risk assessment, were experimentally determined for five selected hydrophobic UV stabilizers (UV326, UV327, UV328, UV329, and UV531) based on third-phase partitioning among polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), water, and -octanol/lipid. The partition constants between PDMS and water (K), obtained using the dynamic permeation method were used to derive K and K.

Leaching of microplastic-associated additives in aquatic environments: A critical review.

Microplastic pollution has attracted significant attention as an emerging global environmental problem. One of the most important issues with microplastics is the leaching of harmful additives. This review summarizes the recent advances in the understanding of the leaching phenomena in the context of the phase equilibrium between microplastics and water, and the release kinetics.

Equilibrium leaching of selected ultraviolet stabilizers from plastic products.

Despite the importance of (micro)plastics in the release of plastic additives, the leaching mechanism of organic plastic additives from various plastic materials is poorly understood. In this study, the equilibrium leaching of five highly hydrophobic ultraviolet (UV) stabilizers (UV326, UV327, UV328, UV329, and UV531) from three plastics (low-density polyethylene (LDPE), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and polystyrene (PS)), was investigated employing acetonitrile-water cosolvent systems. Their extrapolated water solubilities were in the 0.