3-Dimensional simulations and student learning in orthodontic education.

Introduction: The electronic dental model (e-model) is an example of a digital 3-dimensional technology to support inquiry-based learning in undergraduate dental education. As student perceptions of and engagement with e-models vary, it is uncertain whether these perceptions have implications for their learning processes and outcomes.

Materials And Methods: Third-year dental students (N = 40) completed a questionnaire to identify their perceptions of and preferences for model modalities.

CSB cooperates with SMARCAL1 to maintain telomere stability in ALT cells.

Elevated replication stress is evident at telomeres of about 10-15% of cancer cells, which maintain their telomeres via a homologous recombination (HR)-based mechanism, referred to as alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT). How ALT cells resolve replication stress to support their growth remains incompletely characterized. Here, we report that CSB (also known as ERCC6) promotes recruitment of HR repair proteins (MRN, BRCA1, BLM and RPA32) and POLD3 to ALT telomeres, a process that requires the ATPase activity of CSB and is controlled by ATM- and CDK2-dependent phosphorylation.

Orthodontic plate for management of obstructive sleep apnoea in infants with Pierre Robin sequence: experience and protocol in Hong Kong.

Objective: To present the application of the pre-epiglottic baton plate (PEBP) in infants with Pierre Robin sequence (PRS) in the Southern Chinese population (Hong Kong) and to present the diagnosis and management protocol of these infants in our centre.

Design: Retrospective case series of three patients with PRS.

Setting: Neonatal Intensive Care Unit in Kwong Wah Hospital and Craniofacial Orthodontic Centre in United Christian Hospital, Hong Kong.

TRF1 phosphorylation on T271 modulates telomerase-dependent telomere length maintenance as well as the formation of ALT-associated PML bodies.

TRF1, a component of the shelterin complex, plays a key role in both telomerase-dependent telomere maintenance and alternative lengthening of telomeres, the latter also known as ALT. Characteristics of ALT cells include C-circles and ALT-associated PML bodies, referred to as APBs. The function of TRF1 is tightly regulated by post-translational modification including phosphorylation, however TRF1 phosphorylation sites have yet to be fully characterized.

Cdk-dependent phosphorylation regulates TRF1 recruitment to PML bodies and promotes C-circle production in ALT cells.

TRF1, a duplex telomeric DNA binding protein, is implicated in homologous-recombination-based alternative lengthening of telomeres, known as ALT. However, how TRF1 promotes ALT activity has yet to be fully characterized. Here we report that Cdk-dependent TRF1 phosphorylation on T371 acts as a switch to create a pool of TRF1, referred to as (pT371)TRF1, which is recruited to ALT-associated PML bodies (APBs) in S and G2 phases independently of its binding to telomeric DNA.

Craniofacial characteristics related to daytime sleepiness screened by the paediatric daytime sleepiness scale.

The present cross-sectional study aimed to assess daytime sleepiness in Chinese adolescents using the Paediatric Daytime Sleepiness Scale (PDSS) and to identify associations between PDSS answers and craniofacial characteristics. A group of 265 Chinese adolescents aged 11-17 years self-completed the PDSS, and their extra- and intra-oral craniofacial characteristics were recorded. Among the participants, 59.