Does lactate enhance the prognostic accuracy of the quick Sequential Organ Failure Assessment for adult patients with sepsis? A systematic review.

Objectives: To investigate whether adding lactate to the quick Sequential (sepsis-related) Organ Failure Assessment (qSOFA) improves the prediction of mortality in adult hospital patients, compared with qSOFA alone.

Design: Systematic review in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Diagnostic Test Accuracy Studies guidelines.

Data Sources: Embase, Medline, PubMed, SCOPUS, Web of Science, CINAHL and Open Grey databases were searched in November 2020.

SGLT-2 Inhibition: Novel Therapeutics for Reno-and Cardioprotection in Diabetes Mellitus.

Background: The sodium glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) is primarily located within S1 of the renal proximal tubule being responsible for approximately 90% of glucose re-uptake in the kidney. Inhibition of SGLT2 is an exciting new pharmacological approach for the reduction of blood glucose in type 2 diabetic patients via inhibition of tubular glucose reabsorption. In addition to lowering glucose, this group of drugs has shown significant cardiovascular and renal protective effects.