Cognitive Testing of PAIN Report It-Spanish in Monolingual Hispanic Adults.

Background: A Spanish language computerized tool would facilitate cancer pain assessment and management for the underserved population of native Spanish speakers who do not speak or lack command of the English language.

Objective: Our aim was to identify Spanish-speaking adults' understanding and interpretation of the PAIN Report It-Spanish items and instructions as well as translation and technical issues.

Methods: In a cross-sectional study, 20 mostly monolingual Spanish-speaking adults engaged in 1.

First report of Fusarium wilt of Cavendish bananas caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense Tropical Race 4 in Venezuela.

Fusarium wilt of banana (Musa spp.), caused by the soil-borne fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp.

Behavioral and electrophysiological evidence of different processes during a target identification task assessing perceptual learning.

This study aimed to test whether a target identification task involving same and different judgments to assess the ability to differentiate between similar pre-exposed stimuli-i.e., perceptual learning-could actually be assessing two different cognitive processes.

Plastic debris forms: Rock analogues emerging from marine pollution.

Continuous input of plastic litter in ocean and coastal environments achieved alarming levels that are exposing new settings in natural systems. While novel plastic debris pollution, with rock-like appearance, has been reported worldwide, fundamentally geological analyses are still lacking. We surveyed the first occurrence of multiple associated plastic debris on a single outcrop located in a remote site (Trindade Island, SE Atlantic Ocean).

Accelerating Large-Scale-Structure data analyses by emulating Boltzmann solvers and Lagrangian Perturbation Theory.

The linear matter power spectrum is an essential ingredient in all theoretical models for interpreting large-scale-structure observables. Although Boltzmann codes such as CLASS or CAMB are very efficient at computing the linear spectrum, the analysis of data usually requires 10 -10 evaluations, which means this task can be the most computationally expensive aspect of data analysis. Here, we address this problem by building a neural network emulator that provides the linear theory (total and cold) matter power spectrum in about one millisecond with ≈0.

Sexual dimorphism in classical conditioning? Sex differences in neophobia, latent inhibition, generalization, and extinction for rats (Rattus norvegicus) in a conditioned taste aversion preparation irrespective of housing conditions.

This study aimed to assess possible sex differences and a potential impact of social housing conditions for some Pavlovian conditioning effects in a conditioned taste aversion preparation with rats. The results of Experiment 1 suggest sex differences in neophobia, latent inhibition, and generalization. Specifically, for females, neophobia, and generalization appeared to be stronger while latent inhibition seemed to be attenuated.

Response reduction and stimulus pre-exposure effects in a human conditioning method.

Two experiments with humans determined whether reduced conditioning following pre-exposure to the conditioned stimulus could be explained by conditioned inhibition (Experiment 1 [E1]) or extinction of responding that the conditioned stimulus (CS) might elicit during pre-exposure (Experiment 2 [E2]). In a video game task (Nelson et al., 2014), participants learned to respond to lights that signaled attacking spaceships.

Quality and Disposal of Dredged Sediments from Tidal Deltas in Subtropical Bays in Southern Brazil.

In order to measure the contamination of dredged and beach sediments and the applicability of sediment quality guidelines in a wet subtropical region of southern Brazil, the areas surrounding both the Paranaguá and Babitonga estuaries were studied, including their harbour zones and adjacent beaches. Investigation of the sampled sediments comprised optical and electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, and physicochemical and toxicological analyses. Additionally, data provided by the harbours administrations on dredged volumes, sedimentology, and coastal dynamics were compared.

Age, sex and pre-exposure effects on acquisition and generalization of conditioned taste aversion in rats.

The main aim of the present study was to assess the effect of sex and aging in two pre-exposure learning effects, latent inhibition (LI) and perceptual learning (PL), with a conditioned taste aversion paradigm. Young adult (90 days) and aged (more than 18 months) males and females received 8 pre-exposure trials either with stimulus AX (LI conditions) or BX (PL conditions). Then, all animals received a conditioning trial with AX and two test trials, one with AX and other with BX.

Sex Differences in Cue Competition Effects With a Conditioned Taste Aversion Preparation.

This study aimed to test whether male and female rats might show differences in cue competition effects in a conditioned taste aversion (CTA) model. Experiment 1 tested for sex differences in overshadowing. After conditioning of a flavored compound AB or only one simple flavor A (being A and B a solution of sugar 10% and salt 1%, counterbalanced), consumption of the A solution at test was larger in the former than in the latter case only in males.

Effect of Density and Lethargy Duration in Prerelease Packaging of the Fruit Fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) Parasitoid, Diachasmimorpha longicaudata (Hymenoptera: Braconidae).

Different densities prerelease packing and times of lethargy in the fruit fly parasitoids Diachasmimorpha longicaudata (Ashmead) were evaluated in order to standardize the process of chilled insect technique for this species. Adults were kept at densities of 0.048, 0.

Pre-exposure Schedule Effects on Generalization of Taste Aversion and Palatability for Thirsty and Not Thirsty Rats.

The study reported four experiments aiming to test the effects of the pre-exposure schedule and water deprivation on the generalization of a conditioned taste aversion in rats, with a particular focus on testing whether or not the concurrent schedule might enhance generalization. In two experiments, non-water-deprived rats received concurrent, intermixed, or blocked exposure to a sweet-acid solution and a salty-acid solution before conditioning of one of these compounds and testing of both flavors. During pre-exposure, the rats consumed a greater amount of the sweet-acid solution than the salty-acid solution (Experiments 1 and 2), consumption of the former increasing during pre-exposure while consumption of the latter decreased (Experiment 1).

Reply to Castro et al. 2018 on "Holocene paleo-sea level changes along the coast of Rio de Janeiro, southern Brazil".

Discussions are useful to the advance of science, and we appreciate the opportunity to discuss the paper by Castro et al. (2014) for the second time. Here we maintain the interpretations presented in our discussion paper (Angulo et al.

Holocene paleo-sea level changes along the coast of Rio de Janeiro, southern Brazil: Comment on Castro et al. (2014).

The present work discusses and reinterprets paleo-sea level indicators used to build Holocene sea-level curve for the coast of Rio de Janeiro at former works. We conclude that: (a) the paleo-sea levels inferred by vermetid remains show that sea-level has fallen over the past 4400 years, at least; (b) the paleo-sea level inferred by the beachrock facies and dated shells of Jaconé shows that sea-level was near the present elevation between 8198 and 5786 years before present; and (c) several shells from other beachrocks were deposited probably thousands of years after the specimens died and consequently do not allow precise reconstructions of paleo-sea levels. These conclusions differ from the conclusions of the original paper.

Impact of vaccination uptake on hospitalizations due to rotavirus acute gastroenteritis in 2 different socioeconomic areas of Spain.

Rotavirus is the leading cause of hospitalization due to acute gastroenteritis (AGE) in infants and toddlers. However, rotavirus vaccination has been associated with a decline in hospitalization rates due to rotavirus AGE. A descriptive retrospective study was conducted to analyze the impact of rotavirus vaccination on the rate of hospitalizations due to AGE among children ≤2 years old in 2 areas of the province of Almería, Spain.

Reproductive Health CHOICES for Young Adults with Sickle Cell Disease or Trait: Randomized Controlled Trial Outcomes over Two Years.

Interventions to assist reproductive health decision-making in populations affected by sickle cell disease (SCD) or trait (SCT) lack proven efficacy over time. Our aim was to compare effects of CHOICES, a Web-based multimedia education program on implementing informed reproductive plans, and usual care education (e-Book) on reproductive knowledge, intention, and behavior over 24 months. We randomized 234 participants with SCD (n = 138) or SCT (n = 96) (age 18-35 years, 35 % male, 94 % African American) to CHOICES and e-Book groups.

Cancer treatment disparities in HIV-infected individuals in the United States.

Purpose: HIV-infected individuals with cancer have worse survival rates compared with their HIV-uninfected counterparts. One explanation may be differing cancer treatment; however, few studies have examined this.

Patients And Methods: We used HIV and cancer registry data from Connecticut, Michigan, and Texas to study adults diagnosed with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, Hodgkin's lymphoma, or cervical, lung, anal, prostate, colorectal, or breast cancers from 1996 to 2010.

mGluR5 positive allosteric modulation and its effects on MK-801 induced set-shifting impairments in a rat operant delayed matching/non-matching-to-sample task.

Rationale: Positive allosteric modulators (PAMs) of type 5 metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluR5) exert pro-cognitive effects in animal models of various neuropsychiatric diseases. However, few studies to date have examined ability of mGluR5 PAMs to reverse cognitive deficits in operant delayed matching/non-matching-to-sample (DMS/DNMS) tasks.

Objectives: This study aims to determine the ability of the mGluR5 PAM 3-cyano-N-(1,3-diphenyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)benzamide (CDPPB) to reverse set-shifting deficits induced by the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist MK-801.

Percutaneous complete repair of failed mitral valve prosthesis: simultaneous closure of mitral paravalvular leaks and transcatheter mitral valve implantation - single-centre experience.

Aims: Structural deterioration and paravalvular leak (PVL) are complications associated with surgically implanted prosthetic valves, historically requiring reoperation. We present our experience of complete transcatheter repair of a degenerated mitral bioprosthesis.

Methods And Results: From March 2012 to October 2012, we reviewed consecutive, high-risk surgical patients (n=5) who underwent transcatheter repair of a failed mitral bioprosthesis with severe paravalvular regurgitation (PVR).

Prevalence and correlates of breast and cervical cancer screening among a Midwest community sample of low-acculturated Latinas.

Background: Low adherence to cervical and breast cancer (CBC) screening recommendations contributes to high CBC mortality among Latinas.

Purpose: To estimate the prevalence of, and factors associated with, last 12-month Pap smear and mammogram receipt among a Midwest community sample of low-acculturated Latinas.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study with 278 Latina immigrants in Dane County, Wisconsin.

Reproductive health choices for young adults with sickle cell disease or trait: randomized controlled trial immediate posttest effects.

Background: People with sickle cell disease (SCD) or sickle cell trait (SCT) may not have information about genetic inheritance needed for making informed reproductive health decisions. CHOICES is a Web-based, multimedia educational intervention that provides information about reproductive options and consequences to help those with SCD or SCT identify and implement an informed parenting plan. Efficacy of CHOICES compared with usual care must be evaluated.

Attentional changes in human perceptual learning.

In two experiments, participants were required to identify a target stimulus by means of same/different judgments. Previously, they had received simultaneous or blocked pre-exposures to the target and a similar stimulus. Participants' ability to judge pre-exposed stimuli as different was better after simultaneous than after blocked pre-exposures.

Evaluation of the SCKnowIQ tool and reproductive CHOICES intervention among young adults with sickle cell disease or sickle cell trait.

The study purpose was to evaluate a computer-based questionnaire (SCKnowIQ) and CHOICES educational intervention using cognitive interviewing with childbearing-aged people with sickle cell disease (SCD) or trait (SCT). Ten control group participants completed the SCKnowIQ twice. Ten intervention group participants completed the SCKnowIQ before and after the CHOICES intervention.

Human perceptual learning: the effect of pre-exposure schedule depends on task demands.

The effects of the pre-exposure schedule (concurrent, intermixed, and blocked) to two similar visual stimuli were assessed in three different tasks. Participants were more accurate identifying one of two pre-exposed stimuli as the target by means of same/different judgments after concurrent than intermixed or blocked pre-exposures. Regardless of pre-exposure schedule, participants were accurate in identifying the same target stimulus in a subsequent multiple choice task.