Digital innovations in breast cancer care: exploring the potential and challenges of digital therapeutics and clinical decision support systems.

Modern healthcare is experiencing a significant transformation, utilizing technology to improve patient outcomes and make processes more efficient. Breast cancer, being the most commonly diagnosed cancer in women globally, requires innovative approaches for effective management. Digital Therapeutics (DTx) and Clinical Decision Support Systems (CDSSs) have emerged as pivotal technologies, offering personalized, patient-centered care and optimizing clinical decision-making.

Vaccine hesitancy in patients with solid tumors: a cross-sectional single-center survey.

Background: Vaccination rates are still suboptimal in cancer patients. Oncologists play a central role in recommending vaccines to their patients. Our goal was to investigate vaccine acceptance among cancer patients and understand the factors shaping their choices, thereby aiding physicians in better supporting their patients' vaccination decisions.

Unlocking the Potential: Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) in Gastric Cancer and Future Treatment Prospects, a Literature Review.

Gastric cancer (GC) is a complex disease with various etiologies. While infection is still one of the leading risk factors for GC, increasing evidence suggests a link between GC and other infective agents such as Epstein Bar Virus (EBV). EBV-associated gastric cancer (EBVaGC) is now recognized as a distinct subgroup of GC, and the complex interactions between the virus and gastric mucosa may influence its development.

The Role of Oncogenic Viruses in the Pathogenesis of Sporadic Breast Cancer: A Comprehensive Review of the Current Literature.

Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in the female sex; although recent therapies have significantly changed the natural history of this cancer, it remains a significant challenge. In the past decade, evidence has been put forward that some oncogenic viruses may play a role in the development of sporadic breast cancer; however, data are scattered and mostly reported as sparse case series or small case-control studies. In this review, we organize and report current evidence regarding the role of high-risk human papillomavirus, mouse mammary tumor virus, Epstein-Barr virus, cytomegalovirus, bovine leukemia virus, human polyomavirus 2, and Merkel cell polyomavirus in the pathogenesis of breast cancer.

The ABC of Immune-Mediated Hepatitis during Immunotherapy in Patients with Cancer: From Pathogenesis to Multidisciplinary Management.

Immune-mediated hepatotoxicity (IMH) is not-so-rare complication during treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). This narrative review aims to report the current knowledge on hepatic immune-related adverse events (irAEs) during immunotherapy from pathogenesis to multidisciplinary management. The majority of cases of IMH are asymptomatic and only a few patients may have clinical conditions.

The immunogenicity and the safety of the adjuvanted glycoprotein E (gE)-based recombinant vaccine against herpes zoster (RZV) in cancer patients during immunotherapy.

Herpes zoster (HZ) is caused by the reactivation of latent varicella zoster virus (VZV). Severe immunocompromising conditions, such as solid tumors, have been largely associated with an increased risk for HZ due to waning VZV-specific cellular immunity. With the approval of the adjuvanted glycoprotein E (gE)-based recombinant vaccine (RZV; Shingrix™, GSK) also in immunocompromised subjects, HZ is considered a vaccine-preventable disease changing perspectives in immunocompromised subjects.

Impact of proton pump inhibitors on the onset of gastrointestinal immune-related adverse events during immunotherapy.

Introduction: The gut microbiota (GM) can influence the pathogenesis of immune-mediated adverse events (irAEs). Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) can affect the integrity of GM, but their role in promoting irAEs is still poorly understood.

Methods: In this retrospective single-center cohort study, the primary endpoint was the evaluation of the incidence of gastrointestinal (GI) irAEs in cancer patients on PPIs (exposed) versus cancer patients who were not on PPIs (unexposed).

Italian oncologists and vaccinations against infectious diseases: Results of a survey of the Italian Association of Medical Oncology.

Background: Patients with cancer present a higher risk of vaccine-preventable diseases. Recommended vaccinations are the most cost-effective measure to reduce the risk of transmission and related complications. Nevertheless, vaccination rates are inadequate.

Dynamic NLR and PLR in Predicting COVID-19 Severity: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Introduction: The hyperinflammation phase of severe SARS-CoV-2 is characterised by complete blood count alterations. In this context, the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) can be used as prognostic factors. We studied NLR and PLR trends at different timepoints and computed optimal cutoffs to predict four outcomes: use of continuous positive airways pressure (CPAP), intensive care unit (ICU) admission, invasive ventilation and death.

Postvaccination immune-mediated hepatitis: what do we really know?

Tweetable abstract The percentage of patients with immune-mediated vaccine-associated hepatitis is minimal compared with the number of patients vaccinated worldwide.

Persistence of Immune Response Elicited by Three Doses of mRNA Vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 in a Cohort of Patients with Solid Tumors: A One-Year Follow-Up.

The role and durability of the immunogenicity of the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine against severe acute respiratory virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), in cancer patients one year after receiving the third dose have to be elucidated. We have prospectively evaluated the long-term immunogenicity of the third dose of the SARS-CoV-2 BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine in 55 patients undergoing active treatment. Neutralizing antibody (NT Ab) titers against Omicron variants and total anti-trimeric S IgG levels were measured one year after the third dose.

Long-COVID in Patients with Cancer Previously Treated with Early Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Therapies in an Out-of-Hospital Setting: A Single-Center Experience.

The incidence of long COVID in a cohort of patients with cancer with or without previous treatment with early therapies anti-SARS-CoV-2 in an out-of-hospital setting have to be elucidated. We prospectively enrolled all patients treated for a solid tumor at the department of Medical Oncology of the Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo with a positive SARS-CoV-2 antigen or polymerase chain reaction test from January to September 2022 (Omicron surge). Ninety-seven patients answered the survey questions by telephone at least 12 weeks after COVID-19 diagnosis in order to evaluate the incidence of long COVID symptoms.

Concordance of immunohistochemistry for predictive and prognostic factors in breast cancer between biopsy and surgical excision: a single-centre experience and review of the literature.

Purpose: Accurate evaluation of breast cancer on bioptic samples is of fundamental importance to guide therapeutic decisions, especially in the neoadjuvant or metastatic setting. We aimed to assess concordance for oestrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), c-erbB2/HER2 and Ki-67. We also reviewed the current literature to evaluate our results in the context of the data available at present.

Occult hepatitis B in patients with cancer during immunotherapy with or without chemotherapy: A real-life retrospective single-center cohort study.

Introduction: Few data about the safety of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in the patients with solid tumor with Occult Hepatitis B Virus (OBI) are available. According to the Taormina Workshop on Occult HBV Infection Faculty Members we defined as potential-OBI (pOBI) the HBV DNA negativity with anti-hepatitis B core antibody (anti-HBc) positivity (pOBI seropositive), and the patients with HBsAg-negative and anti-HBc-negative and Hepatitis B surface antibody (anti-HBs)-negative are defined pOBI seronegative. The aim of this study is to investigate the prevalence of OBI in patients with solid tumors undergoing ICIs with or without chemotherapy and the incidence of reactivation (HBVr).

The Bio-Diversity and the Role of Gut Microbiota in Postmenopausal Women with Luminal Breast Cancer Treated with Aromatase Inhibitors: An Observational Cohort Study.

The interactions between aromatase inhibitors (AI) in breast cancer (BC) and gut microbiota (GM) have not been completely established yet. The aim of the study is to evaluate the bio-diversity of GM and the relationship between GM, inflammation and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in postmenopausal women with BC during adjuvant AI treatment compared to women with disease relapse during or after one year of AI therapy ("endocrine-resistant"). We conducted a monocenter observational case-control study.

A case report of pulmonary nocardiosis during pembrolizumab: the emerging challenge of the infections on immunotherapy.

The increasing occurrence of infectious complications during immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy is an emerging challenge for oncologists. ICIs can reverse T-cell exhaustion, and this may lead to hyperinflammatory dysregulated immunity with subsequent potentially fatal infections. spp.

Effectiveness of the available early therapies in reducing severe COVID-19 in non-hospitalized patients with solid tumors on active treatment.

Emergency use authorization of drugs against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) by regulatory authorities has provided new options to treat high-risk outpatients with mild-to-moderate Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We conducted an ambispective cohort study of patients with solid tumors on active treatment to examine the effectiveness of these drugs in preventing the progression to severe COVID-19. Sixty-nine patients with solid tumors (43 women, 26 men; median age 61, range 26-80) reported a laboratory-confirmed diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Case report: Successful outcome of COVID-19 in the context of autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: The impact of the anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccine and early remdesivir.

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is a major issue. None of the published papers have reported data on the outcome of HSCT patients with COVID-19 according to the vaccination status and the short course of remdesivir (RDV). Therefore, we present the case of a 22-year-old man with relapsed testicular non-seminomatous germ-cell tumor who was diagnosed with COVID-19 during his first auto-HSCT.

Development of hepatitis triggered by SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in patient with cancer during immunotherapy: a case report.

Patients with cancer have a higher risk of severe COVID-19, and expert consensus advocates for COVID-19 vaccination in this population. Some cases of autoimmune hepatitis have been described after the administration of COVID-19 vaccine in the people in apparently good health. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are responsible for a wide spectrum of immune-related adverse events (irAEs).

Randomized trial of sucrosomial iron supplementation in patients with chemotherapy-related anemia treated with ESA.

Background: Iron supplementation improves the erythropoiesis-stimulating agents' (ESAs) response in chemotherapy-related anemia. The primary aim of our study is to assess the efficacy of sucrosomial iron, a new oral iron formulation, in cancer patients with chemotherapy-induced anemia treated with ESAs. The secondary objectives included the efficacy into two subgroups of patients (iron replete and functional iron deficiency) between the two study arms, safety and the effect on transfusion need.

The Role of Pre-treatment Inflammatory Biomarkers in the Prediction of an Early Response to Panitumumab in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer.

Background Systemic inflammation is a critical component of the development and progression of several types of cancer. Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and lymphocyte-monocyte ratio (LMR) are simple, inexpensive, and reliable predictors of the systemic inflammatory response to the therapy in different malignant tumors, including colorectal cancer. Methods Metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) patients treated with panitumumab plus chemotherapy at first-line at the medical oncology unit of Fondazione Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Health Care (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo di Pavia between January 1st 2016 and February 1st 2021 were retrospectively analyzed.

Herpes zoster in patients with solid tumors treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Tweetable abstract Herpes zoster (HZ) is a vaccine-preventable disease, but the role of the vaccine in cancer patients during immunotherapy (ICIs) is still unknown. The clinical and economic consequences of HZ and the increased use of ICIs require a greater awareness by the oncologist.