Current United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service research on understanding agrochemical fate and transport to prevent and mitigate adverse environmental impacts.

Environmentally and economically viable agriculture requires a variety of cultivation practices and pest management options as no one system will be appropriate for every situation. Agrochemicals are some of the many pest control tools used in an integrated approach to pest management. They are applied with the intent of maximizing efficacy while minimizing off-site movement; however, their judicious use demands a practical knowledge of their fate and effects in agricultural and natural ecosystems.

Impact of a first-order riparian zone on nitrogen removal and export from an agricultural ecosystem.

Riparian zones are reputed to be effective at preventing export of agricultural groundwater nitrogen (N) from local ecosystems. This is one impetus behind riparian zone regulations and initiatives. However, riparian zone function can vary under different conditions, with varying impacts on the regional (and ultimately global) environment.

Surface and subsurface nitrate flow pathways on a watershed scale.

Determining the interaction and impact of surface runoff and subsurface flow processes on the environment has been hindered by our inability to characterize subsurface soil structures on a watershed scale. Ground penetrating radar (GPR) data were collected and evaluated in determining subsurface hydrology at four small watersheds in Beltsville, MD. The watersheds have similar textures, organic matter contents, and yield distributions.

An innovative approach for locating and evaluating subsurface pathways for nitrogen loss.

Fundamental watershed-scale processes governing chemical flux to neighboring ecosystems are so poorly understood that effective strategies for mitigating chemical contamination cannot be formulated. Characterization of evapotranspiration, surface runoff, plant uptake, subsurface preferential flow, behavior of the chemicals in neighboring ecosystems, and an understanding of how crop management practices influence these processes are needed. Adequate characterization of subsurface flow has been especially difficult because conventional sampling methods are ineffective for measuring preferential flow of water and solutes.

Influence of a riparian wetland on nitrate and herbicides exported from an agricultural field.

Agrochemicals are a major source of nonpoint pollution. Forested corridors along stream channels (riparian zones) are thought to be potential sites for removal of agricultural contaminants from ground and surface waters. First-order riparian wetlands are reputed to be especially effective at groundwater remediation.

Herpesvirus protease assays.

Herpesviruses encode a serine protease that is essential for the maturation of viral capsids (1,2). The protease is expressed as part of a polyprotein. The catalytic domain is contained within the N-terminal third of the protein, and the remainder comprises a structural "scaffold" protein.

Localized juvenile periodontitis: a case analysis and rational approach to treatment.

This case involves a 14-year-old female patient affected with localized juvenile periodontitis. Treatment consisted of periodontal flap surgery in conjunction with tetracycline therapy. A successful result was obtained and maintained.

Use of the PDQ system in a clinical setting.

This pilot study examined the use of PDQ (Physician Data Query)--a user-friendly, full-text, cancer database--as a clinical information resource on an oncology unit. The twenty-nine participants included faculty, hematology-oncology fellows, residents, interns, medical students, pharmacists, and nursing staff. During the one-month study, PDQ was available twenty-four hours a day at the nursing station via a microcomputer.

Issues in consumer mental health information.

Consumer health information as applied to mental health includes areas such as the diagnosis, management, and treatment of mental illness, as well as self-help, emotional wellness, and the relationship between life events, stress, and disease. This paper presents issues specific to the provision of mental health information to the layperson, e.g.