Relationship between physical activity and biomarkers of pathology and neuroinflammation in preclinical autosomal-dominant Alzheimer's disease.

Objective: Physical activity (PA) has been linked to reduced Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk. However, less is known about its effects in the AD preclinical stage. We aimed to investigate whether greater PA was associated with lower plasma biomarkers of AD pathology, neural injury, reactive astrocytes, and better cognition in individuals with autosomal-dominant AD due to the presenilin-1 E280A mutation who are virtually guaranteed to develop dementia.

Bioactivity-guided identification of cytotoxic compounds from Tournefortia hirsutissima L. by Fast Centrifugal Partition Chromatography.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Cancer is one of the leading causes of death in the world, where cervical cancer is the fourth leading cause of death in women. Existing treatments, although effective, have various adverse effects and often require a combination of two or more therapies. Previous studies have shown that different plant species of the genus Tournefortia sp.

Alpha-fetoprotein, glypican-3, and kininogen-1 as biomarkers for the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma.

The hepatocarcinoma (HCC) is the most important liver tumor. It represents 90% of liver cancer cases. One of the main problems is the limited prompt cancer diagnosis and the advanced stages where the chances of treatment are limited.

Delivery systems for astaxanthin: A review on approaches for in situ dosage in the treatment of inflammation associated diseases.

Astaxanthin is a red-orange keto-carotenoid exhibiting antioxidant activity. AST is mainly used in the cosmetic, food, and healthcare industries. Nevertheless, because of its anti-inflammatory effects and immune modulation activity, AST use in pharmacology has been proposed as an alternative for treating neurodegenerative disorders, inflammatory bowel disease, arthritis, atherosclerosis, or diabetic foot ulcers, among others.

Phase II study on the safety and immunogenicity of single-dose intramuscular or intranasal administration of the AVX/COVID-12 "Patria" recombinant Newcastle disease virus vaccine as a heterologous booster against COVID-19 in Mexico.

Background: The global inequity in the distribution of COVID-19 vaccines underscores the urgent need for innovative and cost-effective vaccine technologies to address access disparities and implement local manufacturing capabilities. This is essential for achieving and sustaining widespread immunity, and for ensuring timely protection of vulnerable populations during future booster campaigns in lower- middle income countries (LMICs).

Methods: To address this need, we conducted a phase II clinical trial to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of the locally manufactured AVX/COVID-12 "Patria" (AVX) vaccine as a booster dose.

Evaluation of functional plant growth-promoting activities of culturable rhizobacteria associated to tunicate maize ( var. A. St. Hil), a Mexican exotic landrace grown in traditional agroecosystems.

Tunicate maize ( var. A. St.

Medicare Advantage Enrollment Following the 21st Century Cures Act in Adults With End-Stage Renal Disease.

Importance: In January 2021, under the 21st Century Cures Act, Medicare beneficiaries with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) were permitted to enroll in private Medicare Advantage (MA) plans for the first time. In the first year of the Cures Act, there was a 51% increase in MA enrollment among beneficiaries with ESRD.

Objective: To examine changes in MA enrollment among Medicare beneficiaries with ESRD in the first 2 years of the Cures Act and, among beneficiaries newly enrolled in MA in 2021, to assess the proportion of beneficiaries who switched MA contracts and how the characteristics of contracts changed.

Developing Gene Therapy for Mitigating Multisystemic Pathology in Fabry Disease: Proof of Concept in an Aggravated Mouse Model.

Fabry disease (FD) is a multisystemic lysosomal storage disorder caused by the loss of α-galactosidase A (α-Gal) function. The current standard of care, enzyme replacement therapies, while effective in reducing kidney pathology when treated early, do not fully ameliorate cardiac issues, neuropathic manifestations, and risk of cerebrovascular events. Adeno-associated virus (AAV)-based gene therapies (AAV-GT) can provide superior efficacy across multiple tissues owing to continuous, endogenous production of the therapeutic enzyme and lower treatment burden.

Pituitary Apoplexy: Pitfalls in Diagnosis.

Headache is a common presenting complaint in the emergency department. A rare cause is pituitary apoplexy - a complication of pituitary adenoma consisting of hemorrhage or infarction of the primary tumor accounting for approximately 1 % of headaches. A 44-year-old female presented with intractable headache, nausea, photophobia and later - signs of meningeal irritation.

Pay-for-Performance Incentives for Home Dialysis Use and Kidney Transplant.

Importance: The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services' mandatory End-Stage Renal Disease Treatment Choices (ETC) model, launched on January 1, 2021, randomly assigned approximately 30% of US dialysis facilities and managing clinicians to financial incentives to increase the use of home dialysis and kidney transplant.

Objective: To assess the ETC's association with use of home dialysis and kidney transplant during the model's first 2 years and examine changes in these outcomes by race, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This retrospective cross-sectional study used claims and enrollment data for traditional Medicare beneficiaries with kidney failure from 2017 to 2022 linked to same-period transplant data from the United Network for Organ Sharing.

Macroplastic and Microparticle Pollution in Beach Sediments from Urias Coastal Lagoon (Northwest Mexico).

This study investigates the occurrence and characteristics of macroplastic and polymer microparticles in the Urias coastal lagoon's beach sediments, in northwest Mexico. Coastal lagoons, productive and vulnerable ecosystems, are impacted significantly by anthropogenic activities, leadings to their pollution by various contaminants, including plastics. Our research involved sampling sediments from four sites within the lagoon that were influenced by different human activities such as fishing, aquaculture, thermoelectric power plant operations, industrial operations, and domestic wastewater discharge.

Newcastle disease virus vector-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidate AVX/COVID-12 activates T cells and is recognized by antibodies from COVID-19 patients and vaccinated individuals.

Introduction: Several effective vaccines for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have been developed and implemented in the population. However, the current production capacity falls short of meeting global demand. Therefore, it is crucial to further develop novel vaccine platforms that can bridge the distribution gap.

Puzzling parrotfishes: Radiocarbon age validation and updated longevity estimates for western Atlantic species in support of sustainable fisheries management.

For management efforts to succeed in Caribbean fisheries, local fishers must support and be willing to comply with fishing regulations. This is more likely when fishers are included in a stock assessment process that utilizes robust scientific evidence, collected in collaboration with fishers, to evaluate the health of fish stocks. Caribbean parrotfishes are important contributors to coral reef ecosystem health while also contributing to local fisheries.

Efficacy of Alum-Adjuvanted Peptide and Carbohydrate Conjugate Vaccine Candidates against Group A Pharyngeal Infection in a Non-Human Primate Model.

Vaccine development against group A (GAS) has gained traction in the last decade, fuelled by recognition of the significant worldwide burden of the disease. Several vaccine candidates are currently being evaluated in preclinical and early clinical studies. Here, we investigate two conjugate vaccine candidates that have shown promise in mouse models of infection.

Medicare Advantage enrollment by immigration and English proficiency status.

Objectives: Complex Medicare Advantage (MA) health plan choices may overwhelm immigrants, especially for those facing decision-making constraints due to limited English proficiency (LEP). We examined the trends and patterns of MA enrollment by immigration and English proficiency status.

Study Design: We employed a cross-sectional design using data from the 2008-2019 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey.

Examining the role of race and quality of home health agencies in delayed initiation of home health services for individuals with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD).

Introduction: We examined differences in the timeliness of the initiation of home health care by race and the quality of home health agencies (HHA) among patients with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD).

Methods: Medicare claims and home health assessment data were used for the study cohort: individuals aged ≥65 years with ADRD, and discharged from the hospital. Home health latency was defined as patients receiving home health care after 2 days following hospital discharge.

First insight into microplastic groundwater pollution in Latin America: the case of a coastal aquifer in Northwest Mexico.

Microplastics have been studied on biota and other environmental domains, such as soils. Despite the importance of groundwater as a resource for millions of people worldwide as drinking water and personal hygiene, domestic, agricultural, mining, and industrial purposes, there are very few studies concerning microplastics in this domain around the world. We present the first study in Latin America addressing this topic.

Effect of Variation in Early Rehabilitation on Hospital Readmission After Hip Fracture.

Objective: Provision of early rehabilitation services during acute hospitalization after a hip fracture is vital for improving patient outcomes. The purpose of this study was to examine the association between the amount of rehabilitation services received during the acute care stay and hospital readmission in older patients after a hip fracture.

Methods: Medicare claims data (2016-2017) for older adults admitted to acute hospitals for a hip fracture (n = 131,127) were used.

Uncertainty about old information results in differential predator memory in tadpoles.

As information ages, it may become less accurate, resulting in increased uncertainty for decision makers. For example, chemical alarm cues (AC) are a source of public information about a nearby predator attack, and these cues can become spatially inaccurate through time. These cues can also degrade quickly under natural conditions, and cue receivers are sensitive to such degradation.