Evaluation of Antifungal Activity of (Turcz.) Turcz. (Salicaceae) Leaves Against spp.

species are responsible for important systemic mycosis and are estimated to cause millions of new cases annually. The available therapy is limited due to the high toxicity and the increasing rates of yeast resistance to antifungal drugs. Popularly known as "sucará," (Turcz.

Flavonoids Act As Antimicrobials by Binding to Cell Walls.

is an important pathogen in opportunistic infections in humans. The increased incidence of antimicrobial-resistant isolates has highlighted the need for novel and more potent therapies against this microorganism. is known for presenting different compounds with diverse biological activities, such as anti-tumor and immunomodulatory activities.

Biophysical Effects of a Polymeric Biosurfactant in Candida krusei and Candida albicans Cells.

This study evaluated the effects of a polymeric biosurfactant produced by Trichosporon montevideense CLOA72 in the adhesion of Candida albicans and Candida krusei cells to human buccal epithelial cells and its interference in biofilm formation by these strains. The biofilm inhibition by biosurfactant (25 mg/mL) in C. krusei and C.

Heteroresistance to Itraconazole Alters the Morphology and Increases the Virulence of Cryptococcus gattii.

Cryptococcus gattii is the main etiological agent of cryptococcosis in immunocompetent individuals. The triazole drug itraconazole is one of the antifungals used to treat patients with cryptococcosis. Heteroresistance is an adaptive mechanism to counteract the stress of increasing drug concentrations, and it can enhance the ability of a microorganism to survive under antifungal pressure.

Control of size in losartan/copper(II) coordination complex hydrophobic precipitate.

Reaction of highly soluble orally active, non-peptide antihypertensive drug losartan with copper(II) leads to the spontaneous formation of a very insoluble 2:1 covalent complex, which self assembles in a hydrophobic supramolecular structure of nanometric dimensions. Thermal analysis showed that Los/Cu(II) complex presents intermediate stability in comparison with its precursors KLos and Cu(OAc)2·H2O. Isothermal titration calorimetry indicated complexation to be a stepwise process, driven by enthalpy and entropy.

Self-assembled organic-inorganic magnetic hybrid adsorbent ferrite based on cyclodextrin nanoparticles.

Organic-inorganic magnetic hybrid materials (MHMs) combine a nonmagnetic and a magnetic component by means of electrostatic interactions or covalent bonds, and notable features can be achieved. Herein, we describe an application of a self-assembled material based on ferrite associated with β-cyclodextrin (Fe-Ni/Zn/βCD) at the nanoscale level. This MHM and pure ferrite (Fe-Ni/Zn) were used as an adsorbent system for Cr(3+) and Cr(2)O(7) (2-) ions in aqueous solutions.

Superstructure based on β-CD self-assembly induced by a small guest molecule.

The size, shape and surface chemistry of nanoparticles play an important role in cellular interaction. Thus, the main objective of the present study was the determination of the β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) self-assembly thermodynamic parameters and its structure, aiming to use these assemblies as a possible controlled drug release system. Light scattering measurements led us to obtain the β-CD's critical aggregation concentration (cac) values, and consequently the thermodynamic parameters of the β-CD spontaneous self-assembly in aqueous solution: Δ(agg)G(o) = -16.

Inhibition of Candida albicans CC biofilms formation in polystyrene plate surfaces by biosurfactant produced by Trichosporon montevideense CLOA72.

This study evaluated the effects of glycolipid-type biosurfactant produced by Trichosporon montevideense CLOA72 in the formation of biofilms in polystyrene plate surfaces by Candida albicans CC isolated from the apical tooth canal. Biofilm formation was reduced up to 87.4% with use of biosurfactant at 16 mg/ml concentration.

Supramolecular interactions between losartan and hydroxypropyl-β-CD: ESI mass-spectrometry, NMR techniques, phase solubility, isothermal titration calorimetry and anti-hypertensive studies.

In this work, low soluble supramolecular complex between the losartan potassium (Los) and hydroxypropil-β-cyclodextrin (HPβCD) were characterized throughout phase-solubility, NMR techniques ((1)H and 2D-ROESY) and isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) in order to attain physical-chemical knowledge of the system. In addition, the hypertensive effect of composition Los/HPβCD was evaluated aiming to obtain a more efficient oral pharmaceutical composition. ESI mass spectrometry and ITC blank experiment demonstrate the presence of Los clusters at 30 mM pure solution.

Pharmaceutical composition of valsartan: beta-cyclodextrin: physico-chemical characterization and anti-hypertensive evaluation.

Valsartan, a water-insoluble drug, is mainly used in the treatment of hypertension albeit with reduced oral bioavailability. The aim of work was to develop a valsartan:beta-cyclodextrin (VAL:beta-CD) pharmaceutical composition in order to improve its water solubility and bioavailability. The VAL:beta-CD complexes were prepared by the kneading, solid dispersion and freeze-drying methods, of which the freeze-drying method (FDY) was found to be the best to prepare an inclusion complex.

Supramolecular self-assembly of cyclodextrin and higher water soluble guest: thermodynamics and topological studies.

The supramolecular interactions between Imipramine hydrochloride (IMI), a tricyclic antidepressant, and beta-cyclodextrin (betaCD) have been investigated by experimental techniques and theoretical calculations. The association between these molecules might be lead to a host/guest compound, in which the physical chemistry properties of the guest molecule, such as high solubility, can be decreased. These new properties acquired by the inclusion phenomena are important to develop a strategy for pharmaceutical formulation.

Supramolecular complex of fluoxetine with beta-cyclodextrin: an experimental and theoretical study.

In this work the complex formed between beta-cyclodextrin (betaCD) and fluoxetine (FLU) was investigated by experimental and computational methods. From Horizontal Attenuated Total Reflectance (HATR) was possible to verify a strong modification in the vibrational modes of betaCD and FLU, indicating interactions between them. The Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) experiments confirm these interactions through the change in chemical shifts in (1)H spectra, reduction in longitudinal relaxation times values, and the Nuclear Ouverhauser Effect confirm the inclusion of aromatic rings of FLU into the betaCD.

Effect of cholesterol on the interaction of the amphibian antimicrobial peptide DD K with liposomes.

DD K is an antimicrobial peptide previously isolated from the skin of the amphibian Phyllomedusa distincta. The effect of cholesterol on synthetic DD K binding to egg lecithin liposomes was investigated by intrinsic fluorescence of tryptophan residue, measurements of kinetics of 5(6)-carboxyfluorescein (CF) leakage, dynamic light scattering and isothermal titration microcalorimetry. An 8 nm blue shift of tryptophan maximum emission fluorescence was observed when DD K was in the presence of lecithin liposomes compared to the value observed for liposomes containing 43 mol% cholesterol.

Supramolecular self-assembly of beta-cyclodextrin: an effective carrier of the antimicrobial agent chlorhexidine.

The supramolecular assembly between chlorhexidine and cyclomaltoheptaose (beta-cyclodextrin, betaCD) was characterized using NMR spectroscopy ((1)H, T(1), and ROESY), ESIMS and ITC. NMR data suggest the formation of high ordered complexes. ESIMS and ITC allowed the confirmation of the average stoichiometry as 1:4 and the thermodynamic data, also obtained by ITC, showed that the assembly is strongly stabilized by short distance interactions, but suffers a strong, opposite effect of entropy reduction.

Novel pharmaceutical composition of bradykinin potentiating penta peptide with beta-cyclodextrin: physical-chemical characterization and anti-hypertensive evaluation.

This work describes chemical properties and anti-hypertensive activity of an oral pharmaceutical formulation obtained from the complexation of beta-cyclodextrin (beta-CD) with bradykinin potentiating penta peptide (BPP-5a) founded in the Bothrops jararaca poison. Physical chemistry characterizations were recorded in order to investigate the intermolecular interactions between species in complex. Circular dichroism data indicated conformational changes of BPP-5a upon complexation with beta-CD.

A supramolecular complex between proteinases and beta-cyclodextrin that preserves enzymatic activity: physicochemical characterization.

Background: Cyclodextrins are suitable drug delivery systems because of their ability to subtly modify the physical, chemical, and biological properties of guest molecules through labile interactions by formation of inclusion and/or association complexes. Plant cysteine proteinases from Caricaceae and Bromeliaceae are the subject of therapeutic interest, because of their anti-inflammatory, antitumoral, immunogenic, and wound-healing properties.

Methods: In this study, we analyzed the association between beta-cyclodextrin (betaCD) and fraction P1G10 containing the bioactive proteinases from Carica candamarcensis, and described the physicochemical nature of the solid-state self-assembled complexes by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetry (TG), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), as well as in solution by circular dichroism (CD), isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC), and amidase activity.