Improving dog training methods: Efficacy and efficiency of reward and mixed training methods.

Dogs play an important role in our society as companions and work partners, and proper training of these dogs is pivotal. For companion dogs, training helps preventing or managing dog behavioral problems-the most frequently cited reason for relinquishing and euthanasia, and it promotes successful dog-human relationships and thus maximizes benefits humans derive from bonding with dogs. For working dogs, training is crucial for them to successfully accomplish their jobs.

[Trend analysis of the claim rate and the impact on the reduction of the number of private healthcare providers in Brazil].

Alarming data on the part of health care providers on the increase of the claim rate and its potential risk has emerged. It is a descriptive study, with the objective of understanding the changes in the healthcare provider sector in recent years, using the temporal analysis of historical series related to the sector. The variables selected for this study were the claim rate, the coverage rate, and the number of private healthcare providers in activity, observed from 2003 to 2014.

Quasi-static and dynamic properties of the intervertebral disc: experimental study and model parameter determination for the porcine lumbar motion segment.

Purpose: The study of axial loading is essential to determine the properties of intervertebral disc. The objectives of this work are (1) to quantify the mechanical properties of porcine lumbar intervertebral discs under static and cyclic compressive loading, and (2) to determine the parameters of a five-parameter rheological model for porcine and compare them with those obtained for human lumbar intervertebral discs.

Methods: Thus, the porcine lumbar motion segments were subjected to quasi-static and dynamic compression tests.

[Quality of life and socio-economical aspects of diabetics type 1].

Objectives: This research has appraised the quality of life (QL) of diabetics type 1 member of Associação dos Diabéticos de Itabuna (ASDITA) and has verified their correlation between clinic variable and social-demographic situation of this group.

Research Design And Methods: Thirty-four patients (gamma = 88%, epsilon = 5%; 53% female, age 20.4 +/- 8.