The Reciprocal Effects of Prosociality, Peer Support and Psychological Well-Being in Adolescence: A Four-Wave Longitudinal Study.

The aim of this study was to analyze the reciprocal effects between prosociality, peer support and psychological well-being using a four-wave longitudinal study and a within-person analytical approach (random intercept cross-lagged panel model, RI-CLPM). A sample of 587 adolescents (males = 308; = 14.23, = 0.

Tracing carriage, acquisition, and transmission of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli over two years in a tertiary care hospital.

Background: The impact of community carriage on the influx of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacterales (ESBL-E) into hospitals remains understudied. In this prospective 2-year single-centre study, we investigate the community ESBL-E influx and trace the colonisation, nosocomial acquisition, transmission, and infection dynamics of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-Ec) in non-ICU wards at a tertiary care hospital.

Methods: This study reports primary and post hoc outcomes of the clinical trial NCT01208519 in which hospitalised patients were screened for rectal carriage of ESBL-E.

Nuclear Structure of Dripline Nuclei Elucidated through Precision Mass Measurements of ^{23}Si, ^{26}P, ^{27,28}S, and ^{31}Ar.

Using the Bρ-defined isochronous mass spectrometry technique, we report the first determination of the ^{23}Si, ^{26}P, ^{27}S, and ^{31}Ar masses and improve the precision of the ^{28}S mass by a factor of 11. Our measurements confirm that these isotopes are bound and fix the location of the proton dripline in P, S, and Ar. We find that the mirror energy differences of the mirror-nuclei pairs ^{26}P-^{26}Na, ^{27}P-^{27}Mg, ^{27}S-^{27}Na, ^{28}S-^{28}Mg, and ^{31}Ar-^{31}Al deviate significantly from the values predicted assuming mirror symmetry.

Verification of the Vitek Reveal System for Direct Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing in Gram-Negative Positive Blood Cultures.

: The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 20776-2:2021, which replaces ISO 20776-2:2007, focuses solely on the performance of antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) assays, emphasizing the ISO 20776-1 broth microdilution method as the reference standard. Consequently, categorical agreement (CA) and associated errors should not be applied. We verified the Vitek Reveal AST assay according to both ISO 20776-2:2021 and ISO 20776-2:2007 criteria.

Utilizing digital technologies to promote well-being in university students: the 'DigiWell' research protocol.

The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted the well-being of university students, particularly those in healthcare and medical programs. Psychological interventions rooted in positive psychology have proven effective in enhancing mental health, with online and digital delivery methods proving to be equally viable. This study aims to enhance mental health among Italian university students through digital interventions, including virtual reality, utilizing a stepped care approach.

How Mild Is the Mild Long COVID? A Comprehensive Neuropsychological Assessment of Patients with Cognitive Complaints.

The global impact of the Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) pandemic has extended beyond physical health, leading to widespread mental health issues. Beyond respiratory symptoms, there is a growing concern about long-term cognitive effects, particularly in individuals who experienced mild cases of the infection. We aimed to investigate the neuropsychological aspects of long-term COVID-19 in non-hospitalized adults compared with a control group.

Anesthesiologists ultrasound-guided regional anesthesia core curriculum: a Delphi consensus from Italian regional anesthesia experts.

Introduction: The need for a standardized core curriculum in regional anesthesia has become essential, particularly with the integration of ultrasound revolutionizing and exponentially increasing clinical practice and possibilities. In fact, numerous novel techniques, often overlapping, can confuse practitioners. This study aims to establish a core curriculum for upper limb, lower limb, paraspinal and fascial plane blocks for residency training, addressing potential educational gaps caused by the multitude of techniques, through a Delphi consensus process involving recognized Italian regional anesthesia experts.

A Four-Wave Cross-Lagged Study of Exposure to Violent Contexts, Cognitive Distortions, and School Bullying during Adolescence.

School bullying represents a widespread expression of violence in the peer context. Guided by the social-ecological model, this study investigated the longitudinal and transactional pathways linking domestic and neighborhood/community violence exposure (through direct victimization and witnessing), self-serving cognitive distortions (CDs), and school bullying perpetration. Furthermore, consistent with the previous literature, we tested the cognitive desensitization process that could develop in response to chronically violent contexts.

Impact of DCM-Causing Genetic Background on Long-Term Response to Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy.

Background: Patients with nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), severe left ventricular (LV) dysfunction, and complete left bundle branch block benefit from cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT). However, a large heterogeneity of response to CRT is described. Several predictors of response to CRT have been identified, but the role of the underlying genetic background is still poorly explored.

Virtual cylindrical PET for efficient DOI image reconstruction with sub-millimetre resolution.

Image reconstruction in high resolution, narrow bore PET scanners with depth of interaction (DOI) capability presents a substantial computational challenge due to the very high sampling in detector and image space. The aim of this study is to evaluate the use of a virtual cylinder in reducing the number of lines of response (LOR) for DOI-based reconstruction in high resolution PET systems while maintaining uniform sub-millimetre spatial resolution.Virtual geometry was investigated using the awake animal mousePET as a high resolution test case.

Fatal acute graft-versus-host disease in Sézary Syndrome treated with Mogamulizumab and hematopoietic cell transplantation.

Sézary syndrome (SS) is a rare and aggressive T-cell lymphoma with a poor prognosis in advanced stages. Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT) offers a potential cure, but complications such as graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) remain a clinical challenge. Mogamulizumab, a humanized anti-CC chemokine receptor 4 (CCR4) antibody, is sometimes used as a bridge to transplantation, but its potential interactions with allo-HCT are unclear.

Early assessment of blood culture negativity as a potential support tool for antimicrobial stewardship.

Objective: To assess whether 48-h negative blood culture (BC) bottles are still negative at the classic 120-h incubation endpoint and whether 48 h might be the time to make antimicrobial therapy decisions.

Methods: Data from the first collected bottles from bloodstream infection (BSI) episodes of single patients were retrospectively analyzed. Probabilities of bottles being negative at the classic endpoint were calculated from 0 to 120 h of incubation.

Overlapping features of hepatic complications after hematopoietic cell transplantation in a rare T-cell lymphoma: A clinical challenge.

We present the case of a young adult, who developed several hepatic post-HCT complications, which made differential diagnosis extremely difficult.

Optoacoustic biomarkers of lipids, hemorrhage and inflammation in carotid atherosclerosis.

Imaging plays a critical role in exploring the pathophysiology and enabling the diagnostics and therapy assessment in carotid artery disease. Ultrasonography, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging and nuclear medicine techniques have been used to extract of known characteristics of plaque vulnerability, such as inflammation, intraplaque hemorrhage and high lipid content. Despite the plethora of available techniques, there is still a need for new modalities to better characterize the plaque and provide novel biomarkers that might help to detect the vulnerable plaque early enough and before a stroke occurs.

Developing a Strategy for COVID-19 Control Among Hard-to-Reach Migrant Communities: The Experience of Roma 2 Local Health Authority.

Roma 2 Local Health Authority (ASL) developed a strategy to control the COVID-19 epidemic in Hard-to-reach (HTR) migrant communities, addressing both the containment of clusters in informal settlements and access to COVID-19 vaccination. The strategy was based on a strong collaboration of different services across the ASL and with Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs). NGOs were involved in the active surveillance, reporting of COVID-19 suspected cases to the ASL and information to the communities.

Integrated Conversion of Lignocellulosic Biomass to Bio-Based Amphiphiles using a Functionalization-Defunctionalization Approach.

Concerns over the sustainability and end-of-life properties of fossil-derived surfactants have driven interest in bio-based alternatives. Lignocellulosic biomass with its polar functional groups is an obvious feedstock for surfactant production but its use is limited by process complexity and low yield. Here, we present a simple two-step approach to prepare bio-based amphiphiles directly from hemicellulose and lignin at high yields (29 % w/w based on the total raw biomass and >80 % w/w of these two fractions).

The application of a multidisciplinary approach in the diagnosis of Castleman disease and Castleman-like lymphadenopathies: A 20-year retrospective analysis of clinical and pathological features.

Background: Castleman disease (CD) comprises a group of rare and heterogeneous haematological disorders, including unicentric (UCD) and multicentric (MCD) forms, the latter further subdivided into HHV8-MCD, POEMS-MCD and idiopathic-MCD (iMCD). However, according to the Castleman Disease Collaborative Network guidelines, the diagnosis of CD can only be achieved through collaboration between clinicians and pathologists.

Methods: We applied these clinical and pathological criteria and implement with clonality testing to a retrospective cohort of 48 adult and paediatric Italian patients diagnosed with reactive lymphadenitis with CD-like histological features.

Minority stress and mental health in gay and lesbian youth: A comparative study of Italy and Spain.

The present study was carried out based on the minority stress model. The purpose was to compare Italian and Spanish gay and lesbian youth on minority stressors and mental health outcomes and test the minority stress model in Italy and Spain. The sample consisted of 490 participants (307 Italians, = 25.