Shaping the Emission Directivity of Single Quantum Dots in Dielectric Nanodisks Exploiting Mie Resonances.

Manipulating the optical landscape of single quantum dots (QDs) is essential to increase the emitted photon output, enhancing their performance as chemical sensors and single-photon sources. Micro-optical structures are typically used for this task, with the drawback of a large size compared to the embedded single emitters. Nanophotonic architectures hold the promise to modify dramatically the emission properties of QDs, boosting light-matter interactions at the nanoscale, in ultracompact devices.

An Approach to and Treatment of Indeterminate Biliary Strictures: A Comprehensive Review of the Literature.

This review aims to focus on what we know about the management of biliary strictures of unknown etiology, especially exploring our diagnostic armamentarium in the setting of indeterminate biliary strictures. Presently, this is a current issue that has a relevant impact both on patient prognosis, often delaying diagnosis, and on overall costs associated with repeating diagnostic procedures, sometimes performed with very expensive devices. We also focus on current biliary drainage approaches, providing an overview of therapeutic options, endoscopic or not.

Intrinsic nonlinear geometric phase in SHG from zincblende crystal symmetry media.

We demonstrate that AlGaAs thin films and metasurfaces generate a distinct intrinsic nonlinear geometric phase in their second harmonic signals, differing significantly from previous studies on nonlinear dielectric, plasmonic, or hybrid metasurfaces. Unlike conventional observations, our study reveals that the second harmonic phase remains unaffected by the linear optical response at both pump and harmonic wavelengths, introducing a novel realm of achievable phase functions yet to be explored. Furthermore, we explore the interplay between this intrinsic nonlinear geometric phase and the geometric phase induced by rotations of nanoresonators within metasurface arrangements.

Advances in nonlinear metasurfaces for imaging, quantum, and sensing applications.

Metasurfaces, composed of artificial meta-atoms of subwavelength size, can support strong light-matter interaction based on multipolar resonances and plasmonics, hence offering the great capability of empowering nonlinear generation. Recently, owing to their ability to manipulate the amplitude and phase of the nonlinear emission in the subwavelength scale, metasurfaces have been recognized as ultra-compact, flat optical components for a vast range of applications, including nonlinear imaging, quantum light sources, and ultrasensitive sensing. This review focuses on the recent progress on nonlinear metasurfaces for those applications.

Enhancing second harmonic generation by Q-boosting lossless cavities beyond the time bandwidth limit.

Nanostructures proved to be versatile platforms to control the electromagnetic field at subwavelength scale. Indeed, high-quality-factors nanocavities have been used to boost and control nonlinear frequency generation by increasing the light-matter interaction. However, nonlinear processes are triggered by high-intensities, which are provided by ultrashort laser pulses with large bandwidth, which cannot be fully exploited in such devices.

Fabrication of 1 × integrated power splitters with arbitrary power ratio for single and multimode photonics.

Compact power splitters are essential components in integrated optics. While 1 × 2 power splitters with uniform splitting are widely used, a 1 × splitter with arbitrary number of ports and arbitrary splitting ratio is yet to be demonstrated. In this work we address this problem.

Increased metabolic demand reveals morpho-functional impacts caused by settleable atmospheric particulate matter on fish gills.

Exposure to environmentally relevant levels of settleable atmospheric particulate matter (SePM) limits the aerobic performance of inactive healthy adult fish. We evaluated the gill morpho-functional impacts (gill structure and ionic balance) caused by SePM exposure (96 h) in Nile tilapia when fish is impelled to maximal aerobic swimming effort. In control fish, swimming reduced epithelial filament thickness (EFT, 25 %), increased the distance between lamellae (DL, 21 %), and reduced the plasma Na (5 %).

Dynamics of metal/metalloid bioaccumulation and sensitivity in post-larvae shrimp (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) exposed to settleable atmospheric particulate matter from an industrial source.

The metallurgy industry is a potent global source of particulate matter (PM) atmospheric emissions. A portion of this PM may settle in aquatic (SePM) carrying metal/metalloid particles and metallic nanoparticles. Surprisingly, this form of contamination has not received due attention from most environmental monitoring agencies.

Measurement of resting energy expenditure and its accuracy in women with breast cancer.

Background & Aims: Breast cancer (BC) is frequently linked with obesity, metabolic syndrome, and sarcopenia. Therefore, measuring or accurately estimating resting energy expenditure (REE) is crucial for tailoring nutritional needs, managing weight and prevent under- or over-nutrition. We aimed to measure and compare REE between women with BC and a matched control group.

Search for Time-Dependent CP Violation in D^{0}→π^{+}π^{-}π^{0} Decays.

A measurement of time-dependent CP violation in D^{0}→π^{+}π^{-}π^{0} decays using a pp collision data sample collected by the LHCb experiment in 2012 and from 2015 to 2018, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 7.7  fb^{-1}, is presented. The initial flavor of each D^{0} candidate is determined from the charge of the pion produced in the D^{*}(2010)^{+}→D^{0}π^{+} decay.

1,25‑Dihydroxyvitamin D3 mitigates the adipogenesis induced by bisphenol A in 3T3-L1 and hAMSC through miR-27-3p regulation.

Purpose: Endocrine-disrupting compounds, including bisphenol A (BPA), may promote obesity influencing basal metabolic rate and shifting metabolism towards energy storage. The role of 1,25‑Dihydroxyvitamin D3 (VitD) in counteracting adipogenesis is still a matter of debate. Thus, the current study aims to investigate whether and how VitD exposure during adipogenesis could prevent the pro-adipogenic effect of BPA in two adipocyte models, mouse 3T3-L1 cell line and human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hAMSC).

Trajectories and predictive significance of inflammatory parameters for clinical outcome in COVID-19 patients treated with tocilizumab.

Purpose: The IL-6 receptor inhibitor tocilizumab reduces mortality and morbidity in severe cases of COVID-19 through its effects on hyperinflammation and was approved as adjuvant therapy. Since tocilizumab changes the levels of inflammatory markers, we aimed to describe these changes in patients treated with tocilizumab, analyse their value in predicting death and bacterial superinfection and determine their influence on mortality rates.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of 76 patients who were treated with tocilizumab for severe COVID-19 in 2020 and 2021 was conducted.

Exploring the interplay between Kaposi's sarcoma and SARS-CoV-2 infection: A case series and systematic review.

Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) is an angio-proliferative disease with a viral etiology and a multifactorial pathogenesis that results from immune dysfunction. In patients affected by latent viral infections such as herpesviruses, SARS-CoV-2 infection may result in lytic cycle reactivation in host cells. A robust immune system response is crucial for eliminating pathogens and resolving both latent and non-latent viral infections.

Neoadjuvant Versus Adjuvant Systemic Therapy in Breast Cancer: A Matched Case-control Study.

Background/aim: Neoadjuvant systemic therapy (NAT) in breast cancer can make tumors resectable or reduce the extent of surgery needed for locally advanced cancers. It can also better prevent distant relapse and possibly modulate drug therapy by adjusting adjuvant therapy (AD) based on the response to NAT, either by escalating or de-escalating the treatment. However, clear evidence of improved outcomes is currently missing.

Modification of χ_{c1}(3872) and ψ(2S) Production in pPb Collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=8.16 TeV.

The LHCb Collaboration measures production of the exotic hadron χ_{c1}(3872) in proton-nucleus collisions for the first time. Comparison with the charmonium state ψ(2S) suggests that the exotic χ_{c1}(3872) experiences different dynamics in the nuclear medium than conventional hadrons, and comparison with data from proton-proton collisions indicates that the presence of the nucleus may modify χ_{c1}(3872) production rates. This is the first measurement of the nuclear modification factor of an exotic hadron.

Ga-PSMA PET/CT in Recurrent Prostate Cancer after Radical Prostatectomy Using PSMA-RADS Version 2.0.

Background: Ga-PSMA PET/CT is superior to standard-of-care imaging for detecting regional and distant metastatic recurrent prostate cancer. The objective of our study was to evaluate the performance of Ga-PSMAPET/CT in our patient population, using the new PSMA-RADS version 2.0.