A Molecular Urine Assay to Detect Recurrences During Surveillance of High-Risk Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer.

Background: High-risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (HR-NMIBC) patients require long-term surveillance with cystoscopies, cytology and upper tract imaging. Previously, we developed a genomic urine assay for surveillance of HR-NMIBC patients with high sensitivity and anticipatory value.

Objective: We aimed to validate the performance of the assay in an unselected prospectively collected cohort of HR-NMIBC patients under surveillance.

A Comparison Between Immunohistochemistry and mRNA Expression to Identify Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2-Low Breast Cancer.

Context.—: Breast cancers (BCs) with low levels of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) expression (HER2-low) have become a targetable subset because of novel antibody-drug conjugates. HER2 immunohistochemistry (IHC) is the recommended assay for HER2 classification but is associated with limited interobserver agreement concerning HER2-low identification.

A Genomic Urine Assay for Surveillance of Patients with Bladder Cancer Treated with Radiotherapy.

Background: Patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) who receive radiotherapy with curative intent are followed by imaging, cystoscopy, and urine cytology. However, interpretation of cytology and cystoscopy is hampered by the impact of ionizing radiation on cells.

Objective: To assess the diagnostic performance of a genomic urine assay to detect urinary tract recurrences in patients with MIBC treated by (chemo)radiation.

Non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer molecular subtypes predict differential response to intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guérin.

The recommended treatment for patients with high-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (HR-NMIBC) is tumor resection followed by adjuvant Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) bladder instillations. However, only 50% of patients benefit from this therapy. If progression to advanced disease occurs, then patients must undergo a radical cystectomy with risks of substantial morbidity and poor clinical outcome.

The clonal relation of primary upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma and paired urothelial carcinoma of the bladder.

The risk of developing urothelial carcinoma of the bladder (UCB) in patients treated by radical nephroureterectomy (RNU) for an upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) is 22% to 47% in the 2 years after surgery. Subject of debate remains whether UTUC and the subsequent UCB are clonally related or represent separate origins. To investigate the clonal relationship between both entities, we performed targeted DNA sequencing of a panel of 41 genes on matched normal and tumor tissue of 15 primary UTUC patients treated by RNU who later developed 19 UCBs.