Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a mycotoxin mainly produced by section and section across the coffee chain. OTA is nephrotoxic and is a threat to human health. This review summarizes current knowledge on how to reduce OTA concentration in coffee from farm to cup.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiocontrol Agents (BCAs) can be an eco-friendly alternative to fungicides to reduce the contamination with mycotoxigenic fungi on coffee. In the present study, different strains of bacteria and yeasts were isolated from Ivorian Robusta coffee. Their ability to reduce fungal growth and Ochratoxin A (OTA) production during their confrontation against Aspergillus carbonarius was screened on solid media.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPatulin is a secondary metabolite primarily synthesized by the fungus , which is responsible for blue mold disease on apples. The latter are highly susceptible to fungal infection in the postharvest stages. Apples destined to produce compotes are processed throughout the year, which implies that long periods of storage are required under controlled atmospheres.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Evolving climatic conditions impact the behavior of microorganisms. The lack of efficiency of beneficial microorganisms against pathogens can be due to these evolving abiotic factors more favorable to the development and adaptation of pathogens. It is therefore of great interest to understand their impact (especially temperature increase and relative humidity (RH) variation) on pathogenic and non-pathogenic microorganisms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe chemical composition of dark chocolate has a significant impact on its complex flavor profile. This study aims to investigate the relationship between the volatile chemical composition and perceived flavor of 54 dark chocolate samples made from Trinitario cocoa beans from the Dominican Republic. The samples were evaluated by a trained panel and analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to identify and quantify the volatile compounds.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCocoa pod-opening delay and bean fermentation promote the organoleptic quality of chocolate. The present research investigated the changes in the volatile fingerprint of cocoa harvested at a traditional plantation. Cocoa beans extracted from 2-days pod-opening delay were simultaneously fermented for 5 days using container and then sun-dried to 7-8% moisture content at five different locations: Akoupé, San Pedro, Soubré, Djekanou and Daloa.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFungal toxins can have various adverse health effects, including carcinogenic, teratogenic or hepatotoxic impacts. In addition, fungal alteration has also a negative impact on agricultural plant production. The use of chemical fungicides to control mycotoxin contamination is increasingly controversial and regulated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe aim of this study was to evaluate the interactions between wheat plant (spikelets and straws), a strain of mycotoxigenic pathogen and commercial biocontrol agents (BCAs). The ability of BCAs to colonize plant tissue and inhibit the pathogen or its toxin production was observed throughout two phases of the life cycle of pathogens in natural conditions (colonization and survival). All evaluated BCAs showed effective reduction capacities of pathogenic traits.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe aim of this study was to develop a set of experiments to screen and decipher the mechanisms of biocontrol agents (BCAs), isolated from commercial formulation, against two major mycotoxigenic fungi in cereals, and . These two phytopathogens produce mycotoxins harmful to human and animal health and are responsible for the massive use of pesticides, for the protection of cereals. It is therefore essential to better understand the mechanisms of action of alternative control strategies such as the use of BCAs in order to optimize their applications.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWild yeasts isolated from the surface of apples were screened for antagonistic activity against , the main producer of the mycotoxin patulin. Three antagonistic yeasts (Y33, Y29 and Y24) from a total of 90 were found to inhibit growth. Identification by ITS region sequence and characterization showed that three selected isolates of yeast should be different strains of Several concentrations of the selected yeasts were used to study their in vitro antifungal effectivity against on Petri dishes (plates with 63.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAflatoxin B is a potent carcinogen produced by , mainly during grain storage. As pre-harvest methods are insufficient to avoid mycotoxin presence during storage, diverse curative techniques are being investigated for the inhibition of fungal growth and aflatoxin detoxification. spp.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPatulin is a secondary metabolite produced primarily by the fungus , responsible for the blue mold disease on apples. It is found in apple products including apple cider when apple juice is added after fermentation. In the present study, two hundred and twenty-five cider-apples of the variety "Bedan", cultivated in Brittany in France, were sampled from the orchard during harvesting until the storage step, right before processing.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFood Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess
September 2020
'Kankankan' is a popular spice powder used to season roasted meat in Côte d'Ivoire. However, produced in a traditional way, the conditions of production and storage of kankankan favour the proliferation of mycotoxin-producing fungal strains. The aim of this study was to carry out an inventory of mycotoxin contamination of this spice powder and to assess risk exposure to consumers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOchratoxin A (OTA) is a secondary metabolite produced by fungal pathogens such as , which develops in food commodities during storage such as cereals, grapes, and coffee. It represents public health concerns due to its genotoxicity, carcinogenicity, and teratogenicity. The objective of this study was to evaluate the ability of actinobacteria and their metabolites to degrade OTA and/or to decrease its production.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe aim of this study was to investigate the impact of commercialized biological control agents (BCAs) against two major mycotoxigenic fungi in cereals, and , which are trichothecene and fumonisin producers, respectively. With these objectives in mind, three commercial BCAs were selected with contrasting uses and microorganism types (, , ) and a culture medium was identified to develop an optimized dual culture bioassay method. Their comportment was examined in dual culture bioassay in vitro with both fusaria to determine growth and mycotoxin production kinetics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Streptomyces sp. strain AV05 isolated from an organic amendment was found to impact both growth and fumonisin production of Fusarium verticillioides during in vitro direct confrontation. In order to investigate the interactions between the Streptomyces sp.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOchratoxin A (OTA) is a nephrotoxic, teratogenic, immunotoxic, and carcinogenic mycotoxin which is produced in tropical zones mainly by Aspergillus carbonarius, A. niger, A. ochraceus, and A.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe prevalence of diarrheal diseases in children aged from 6 to 24 months in Burkina Faso is 38%. These diarrheas may be due to the consumption of contaminated weaning food. Therefore, the microbiological quality of follow up infant flours used as supplement foods is a key-point to reduce children diseases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLour. is an ethnomedicinally important plant used in traditional Chinese medicine known as dragon's blood. Excessive utilization of the plant for extraction of dragon's blood had resulted in the destruction of the important niche.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe effects of light at different wavelengths and photoperiod on growth and ochratoxin A production of Aspergillus carbonarius and Aspergillus westerdijkiae were studied: far-red (740 nm), red (625 nm), blue (445 nm), and UV-A (366 nm). Fungal growth was not significantly affected by photoperiod or light wavelength; the only exception was A. westerdijkiae which showed reduced growth under UV-A light (366 nm).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFood Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess
October 2016
Cocoa beans are the principal raw material for chocolate manufacture. Moulds have an important place in the change in the quality of cocoa beans due to their role in the production of free fatty acids and mycotoxins, namely ochratoxin A (OTA). This study investigated the impact of the key post-harvest treatments, namely the fermentation and drying methods on OTA contamination of raw cocoa beans.
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