Autoimmune forms of hypoglycemia.

Autoimmune syndromes are a rare cause of hypoglycemia characterized by elevated levels of insulin in the presence of either anti-insulin antibodies (insulin autoimmune syndrome) or anti-insulin receptor antibodies (type B insulin resistance). Insulin autoimmune syndrome is the third leading cause of hypoglycemia in Japan, but has rarely been described in the non-Asian population.In the current study, we report the clinical and biochemical characteristics and clinical course of 2 white patients with insulin autoimmune syndrome, and present a literature review of non-Asian patients reported with insulin autoimmune syndrome.

Type 1 diabetes associated with acquired generalized lipodystrophy and insulin resistance: the effect of long-term leptin therapy.

Context: Acquired generalized lipodystrophy (AGL) is marked by severe insulin resistance and hypertriglyceridemia. Rarely, AGL and type 1 diabetes (T1D) coexist.

Objective: Our objective was to describe the response to leptin therapy in patients with coexisting AGL and T1D and to document the autoimmune diseases associated with AGL.