Outcomes and Need for Additional Interventions after Intravitreal Bevacizumab for Retinopathy of Prematurity.

Objective: This study investigated the outcomes of premature infants diagnosed with retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) that were treated with intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB), as well as the need for further treatment after injection.

Design: Retrospective case series.

Participants: Seventy-three premature infants born between 2016 and 2020 at a large county hospital and children's hospital.

Serous Choroidal Detachment Associated with Suspected Contralateral Cavernous Sinus Thrombosis.

Purpose: To describe a case of choroidal detachment (CD) secondary to cavernous sinus thrombosis (CST).

Methods: Case report.

Results: A 73-year-old male with a history of primary open angle glaucoma and pseudophakia presented with retrobulbar pain, blurred vision, and diplopia of the right eye.

Impact of COVID-19-related lifestyle changes on diabetic macular edema.

Aim: To assess diabetic macular edema (DME) progression during the early phases of the COVID-19 pandemic, when severe societal restrictions raised the concern of possible deterioration of health in patients with systemic conditions, particularly those requiring frequent office visits.

Methods: This is a multicenter retrospective chart review of 370 patients (724 eyes) with an established diagnosis of DME seen on 3 separate visits between January 2019 and July 2021. Period 1 was January 2019 to February 2020 (considered pre-COVID-19), period 2 was March 2020 to December 2020 (considered the height of the pandemic; highest level of pandemic-related clinical and societal regulations) and period 3 was January 2021 to July 2021 (re-adjustment to the new "pandemic norms").

Unexplained Vision Loss Associated With Intraocular Silicone Oil Tamponade in Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment Repair.

To evaluate the visual outcomes with unexplained vision loss during or after silicone oil (SO) tamponade. This multicenter retrospective case series comprised patients with unexplained vision loss associated with SO tamponade or its removal. Eyes with other clear secondary identifiable causes of vision loss were excluded.

Evaluation of the Clinical Course of Endogenous Endophthalmitis.

To evaluate the presentations, clinical course, treatments, and outcomes of endogenous endophthalmitis cases. Consecutive medical records from 2016 to 2021 of a county hospital and an academic, private hospital in Dallas, Texas were retrospectively reviewed. This study comprised 37 eyes of 31 patients with endogenous endophthalmitis.

Retinal neovascularization in the setting of -mutation positive essential thrombocythemia.

Patients with Calreticulin () mutation positive essential thrombocythemia are often thought of as having a "low-risk" of thrombotic complications. This report examines a case of a patient with mutation positive essential thrombocythemia presenting with peripheral retinal ischemia and subsequent retinal neovascularization. This patient had a 2-year documented history of -mutation positive essential thrombocythemia with a maximum platelet count of over 800,000 cells/µL.

Pediatric Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachments: Etiologies, Clinical Course, and Surgical Outcomes.

To describe the predisposing factors, clinical course, and surgical methods of pediatric rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) and determine which factors affect anatomic success. Data of patients 18 years or younger who had surgical repair for RRD from January 1, 2004, to June 31, 2020, with a minimum of 6 months of follow-up were retrospectively analyzed. The study evaluated 101 eyes of 94 patients.

Comparison of Surgical Outcomes for Uncomplicated Primary Retinal Detachment Repair.

Purpose: To compare the outcomes of primary uncomplicated rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) repair using pars plana vitrectomy (PPV), scleral buckling (SB), or combined scleral buckling with vitrectomy (SB/PPV).

Patients And Methods: Single-institution, retrospective, observational study of 179 patients with primary RRD managed at a large academic hospital system. We excluded patients with less than 6 months of follow-up, previous vitrectomy or buckle, giant retinal tears, aphakia, recurrent forms of RRD, or extensive proliferative vitreoretinopathy (Grade C or worse) documented on exam or requiring membrane peel.

Parafoveal acute middle maculopathy (PAMM) in sickle cell disease after discontinuation of hydroxyurea.

Purpose: Paracentral acute middle maculopathy (PAMM) is a rare ophthalmologic emergency involving the intermediate and deep retinal capillary plexus that supply the retina's middle layers. This case report describes an episode of PAMM in a patient with sickle cell disease (SCD) to demonstrate the importance of early diagnosis, review potential pathophysiologic mechanisms, and finally discuss appropriate management in this patient population.

Observations: A 33-year-old black female with SCD, who had recently discontinued disease-modifying therapy with hydroxyurea, presented with a central scotoma of the left eye.

SMALL-GAUGE TECHNIQUES FOR REMOVING A FLUOCINOLONE ACETONIDE IMPLANT.

Purpose: Long-acting injectable fluocinolone releasing implants are used in clinical practice. Although limited in scope, situations may arise where removal of the implant is warranted. We set out to describe possible explantation techniques and to determine whether these implants can be safely removed from a standard sclerotomy or eliminated using a vitrectomy system.

Multimodal Imaging in Ocular Siderosis.

Purpose: This report aims to characterize ocular changes in a case of ocular siderosis with iron toxicity using multimodal imaging and electroretinography.

Methods: A 34-year-old woman presented with ocular siderosis of the left eye following penetrating injury with an iron-containing foreign body. The patient's uncorrected visual acuities were 20/60 and 20/150 in the right and left eye, respectively, with abnormal pupillary function and presence of a cataract in the left eye.

Current role of intravitreal injections in Irvine Gass syndrome-CRIIG study.

Objective: To analyze the role of intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) or steroid injection for the management of Irvine Gass syndrome.

Methods: It is an interventional, retrospective, multicenter study. One hundred and thirty-two injections were given in 79 eyes of 72 patients with Irvine Gass syndrome.

Klebsiella pneumoniae endogenous endophthalmitis presenting as orbital cellulitis.

This report describes the first documented case of endogenous endophthalmitis with concurrent orbital cellulitis in a patient without a liver abscess. A 34-year-old, caucasian male with a history of intravenous drug abuse and type 1 diabetes mellitus was transferred from an outside hospital for progressively worsening pain and swelling in the right eye. Careful history, physical examination, and imaging were consistent with a diagnosis of endogenous endophthalmitis with concurrent orbital cellulitis.

Use of Topical Insulin to Treat Refractory Neurotrophic Corneal Ulcers.

Purpose: To report the clinical course of 6 patients with refractory neurotrophic corneal ulcers that were treated with topical insulin drops.

Methods: Retrospective chart review of patients who had neurotrophic corneal ulcers or epithelial defects refractory to standard medical and surgical treatment. Insulin drops, prepared by mixing regular insulin in artificial tears with a polyethylene glycol and propylene glycol base at a concentration of 1 unit per milliliter, were prescribed 2 to 3 times daily.

TWO CASES OF ACUTE RETINAL NECROSIS DUE TO VARICELLA ZOSTER DESPITE PRIOR SHINGLES VACCINATION.

Purpose: To review two cases of acute retinal necrosis in adults due to varicella zoster virus despite prior shingles vaccination.

Methods: Retrospective chart review.

Patients: A 62-year-old man and a 64-year-old man with unilateral acute retinal necrosis who had shingles vaccinations 16 and 7 months before their ocular symptoms.

Studies on the Histopathology of Temporal Arteritis.

Aims: The aim of this paper was to identify the location and to grade the severity of most significant inflammation within positive temporal artery biopsies along with other key clinical and histologic characteristics.

Methods: Charts and pathology slides for 70 patients diagnosed with temporal arteritis at the University of Wisconsin (UW) Hospital and Clinics from 1989 to 2015 were reviewed. A subset of 48 specimens was immunostained for CD68 and graded on a scale from 0 to +++; the location of staining was recorded.

Prevalence of Antiretinal Antibodies in Acute Zonal Occult Outer Retinopathy: A Comprehensive Review of 25 Cases.

Purpose: To perform a comprehensive review and to investigate the presence and role of autoimmune antibodies in 25 cases of acute zonal occult outer retinopathy (AZOOR) identified using the classification originally proposed by J. Donald Gass.

Design: Observational case series.

The effect of paraformaldehyde fixation on the delayed gadolinium-enhanced MRI of cartilage (dGEMRIC) measurement.

The delayed Gadolinium-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Cartilage (dGEMRIC) method allows for both qualitative and quantitative measurement of the spatial distribution of glycosaminoglycan [GAG] in excised cartilage. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of paraformaldehyde fixation on dGEMRIC measurements. Five bovine and seven human cartilage pieces were punched into 5-mm plugs, fixed for 18 h in 4% paraformaldehyde solution, and washed.