The Alpha-Lipoic Acid Improves Survival and Prevents Irinotecan-Induced Inflammation and Intestinal Dysmotility in Mice.

Irinotecan, an anticancer drug, induces diarrhea and intestinal inflammation, resulting in an increase in the cost of care and in treatment delays. In this study, we investigated whether alpha-lipoic acid (α-LA) could improve irinotecan-mediated intestinal inflammation, diarrhea and dysmotility. Intestinal mucositis was induced by irinotecan injection (75 mg/kg, i.

5-Fluorouracil Induces Enteric Neuron Death and Glial Activation During Intestinal Mucositis via a S100B-RAGE-NFκB-Dependent Pathway.

5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is an anticancer agent whose main side effects include intestinal mucositis associated with intestinal motility alterations maybe due to an effect on the enteric nervous system (ENS), but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. In this report, we used an animal model to investigate the participation of the S100B/RAGE/NFκB pathway in intestinal mucositis and enteric neurotoxicity caused by 5-FU (450 mg/kg, IP, single dose). 5-FU induced intestinal damage observed by shortened villi, loss of crypt architecture and intense inflammatory cell infiltrate as well as increased GFAP and S100B co-expression and decreased HuC/D protein expression in the small intestine.

The involvement of mast cells in the irinotecan-induced enteric neurons loss and reactive gliosis.

Background: The irinotecan (CPT-11) causes intestinal mucositis and diarrhea that may be related to changes in the enteric nervous system (ENS). In inflammatory condition, mast cells release a variety of pro-inflammatory mediators that can interact with the ENS cells. It has not been explored whether CPT-11 is able to alter the enteric glial and neuronal cell, and the role of mast cells in this effect.