Acute seizure activity in neonatal inflammation-sensitized hypoxia-ischemia in mice.

Objective: To examine acute seizure activity and neuronal damage in a neonatal mouse model of inflammation-sensitized hypoxic-ischemic (IS-HI) brain injury utilizing continuous electroencephalography (cEEG) and neurohistology.

Methods: Neonatal mice were exposed to either IS-HI with Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or HI alone on postnatal (p) day 10 using unilateral carotid artery ligation followed by global hypoxia (n = 10 [5 female, 5 male] for IS-HI, n = 12 [5 female, 7 male] for HI alone). Video cEEG was recorded for the duration of the experiment and analyzed for acute seizure activity and behavior.

Decreased Cerebral Oxygenation in Premature Infants with Progressive Posthemorrhagic Ventricular Dilatation May Help with Timing of Intervention.

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the degree of progressive posthemorrhagic ventricular dilatation (PHVD) that is associated with a significant decrease in regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rScO) in premature infants at risk for periventricular-intraventricular hemorrhage (PIVH).

Study Design: Cranial ultrasound (US) and near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) measurements of rScO were performed on inborn infants with birth weights less than 1,250 g on admission and at 1, 4, and 8 weeks of age. Infants with severe PIVH were studied weekly.

Percutaneous Treatment of Multiple Recurrent Thromboembolization from a Descending Thoracic Aortic Intimal Sarcoma.

Aortic intimal sarcomas are rare tumors that may result in distal embolic ischemia. Here, we present a patient who presented with crescendo lower extremity and mesenteric ischemic events from malignant macroembolism. Management with percutaneous pharmacomechanical thromboembolectomy enabled restoration of distal perfusion and minimally invasive collection of tumor sample to confirm the suspected diagnosis of aortic sarcoma.

Nonoperative Management of Traumatic Aortic Pseudoaneurysms.

Background: Current blunt thoracic aortic injury (BTAI) guidelines recommend early repair of traumatic pseudoaneurysms (PSAs) due to risk for subsequent aortic rupture. Recent analyses indicate that early repair is required only in the setting of high-risk features, while delayed repair is safe and associated with lower morbidity and mortality in appropriately selected patients. To evaluate the appropriate indications for nonoperative management (NOM) of traumatic PSAs, we performed a systematic review of studies reporting outcomes for this management strategy.