Spontaneous regression of an interhemispheric arachnoid cyst: illustrative case.

Background: Intracranial arachnoid cysts are benign collections of cerebrospinal fluid that are often asymptomatic and discovered incidentally. An interhemispheric location of these lesions is rare, with only a few such cases reported in the literature. Though spontaneous regression of arachnoid cysts has been described in other locations, to date this phenomenon has not been reported in interhemispheric fissure cysts.

Nontraumatic symptomatic de novo arachnoid cyst in an adolescent patient treated with cystoperitoneal shunting: illustrative case.

Background: Arachnoid cysts are often congenital, asymptomatic lesions detected in the pediatric population. When seen in adults, they usually occur following trauma. De novo formation of arachnoid cysts is uncommon, with only a few instances cited in the literature and most of which occurred in the pediatric population.

Predictors of Subsequent Intervention After Middle Meningeal Artery Embolization for Treatment of Subdural Hematoma: A Nationwide Analysis.

Background: Middle meningeal artery (MMA) embolization has recently emerged as an effective technique to treat subdural hematomas (SDHs). Studies to date have been limited, largely, to single-center studies with limited follow-up and have not assessed subsequent surgical interventions and factors associated with these interventions.

Objective: To evaluate rates of retreatment for SDH after MMA embolization and patient-specific factors that may be important predictors for these interventions.

Extensive Symptomatic Thoracolumbar Epidural Lipomatosis Treated With Minimally Invasive Hemilaminectomies: Technical Case Report.

Background And Importance: Spinal epidural lipomatosis is a rare condition commonly associated with chronic corticosteroid use and obesity that involves deposition of adipose tissue in the epidural space of the spinal canal. This accumulation of adipose tissue may cause compression of the spinal cord and/or nerve roots and result in compressive symptoms such as myelopathy or radiculopathy. Spinal involvement is usually confined to either the thoracic or lumbar spine but can infrequently affect both regions.

Use of intraoperative MRI for resection of intracranial tumors: A nationwide analysis of short-term outcomes.

Objective: Recent evidence supports the use of intraoperative MRI (iMRI) during resection of intracranial tumors due to its demonstrated efficacy and clinical benefit. Though many single-center investigations have been conducted, larger nationwide outcomes have yet to be characterized.

Methods: We used the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database to examine baseline characteristics and 30-day postoperative outcomes among patients undergoing craniotomy for tumor resection with and without iMRI.

Sex Differences in Cerebral Aneurysms and Subarachnoid Hemorrhage.

Sex differences in cerebral aneurysm occurrence and characteristics have been well described. Although sex differences in outcomes following ischemic stroke have been identified, the effect of sex on outcomes following hemorrhagic stroke, and in particular, aneurysm treatment has been less studied. We describe the current state of knowledge regarding the impact of sex on treatment and outcomes of cerebral aneurysms.

Cannabis Abuse and Perioperative Complications After Treatment of Intracranial Aneurysms: A Nationwide Analysis.

Objective: In the present retrospective cohort analysis, we examined the differences in baseline characteristics and peri- and postoperative outcomes stratified by 3 groups: cannabis abuse or dependence versus none, surgical versus endovascular treatment, and unruptured and ruptured intracranial aneurysms.

Methods: A study population of 26,868 patients was defined using the 2009-2016 National Inpatient Sample database. The baseline characteristics were compared between the cannabis and no-cannabis groups, and the traits that differed significantly were factored into the multivariate analysis using 1:1 propensity score matching.

Inpatient outcomes of posterior fossa decompression with or without duraplasty for Chiari malformation type I.

Objective: Chiari malformation type 1 (CM-1) is a congenital neurologic condition in which the cerebellar tonsils herniate below the foramen magnum, resulting in symptoms such as headache and neck pain. Two common surgical treatment approaches are posterior fossa decompression with (PFDD) and without duraplasty (PFD). Previous single-center studies have demonstrated increased neurologic complications after PFDD compared to PFD.

Disparities in the symptomatic presentation of Moyamoya disease in the United States: A nationwide all-payer analysis.

Background: Moyamoya disease is a chronic occlusive cerebrovascular disease that can present with either hemorrhagic or ischemic symptoms. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether the symptomatology of Moyamoya disease differs according to patient demographic groups.

Methods: In this study, we used the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) to investigate differences in the presentation of Moyamoya disease by age group, gender, and ethnicity from 2012 to 2016.

Revision Discectomy with or without Fusion for the Treatment of Recurrent Lumbar Disc Herniation: A Nationwide Analysis of Risk Profiles and Short-Term Outcomes.

Objective: We compared the demographics, risk factors, and complications for adult patients with recurrent lumbar disc herniation (RLDH) undergoing revision discectomy with or without concurrent fusion.

Methods: The American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database was used to identify patients who had undergone revision discectomy with or without simultaneous fusion. The demographic variables and various peri- and postoperative complications were compared between these 2 patient groups.

Gunshot wounds to the head: racial disparities in inpatient management and outcomes.

Objective: Several studies have indicated that racial disparities may exist in the management and outcomes of acute trauma care. One segment of trauma care that has not been as extensively investigated, however, is that of cranial trauma care. The goal of this study was to determine whether significant differences exist among racial and ethnic groups in various measures of inpatient management and outcomes after gunshot wounds to the head (GWH).